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Article Launched:11/ 02/2006 12:00:00 AM MST
Far West Texas and Southern New Mexico's proximity to the U.S.-Mexico border creates a unique environment in which immigrant-smuggling operations can easily change into abusive, exploitative human trafficking, experts said Wednesday at an El Paso conference.
Victims of human trafficking -- who often are manipulated into forced labor, prostitution, sex tourism and pornography -- are typically reluctant to come forward for fear of deportation, recriminations from their trafficker or insecurity about admitting they are victims, experts said.
"The difficult aspect of this is actually identifying the victims," said Paul Piñon, coordinator of the El Paso Human Trafficking Task Force and an organizer of the two-day conference titled "Human Trafficking: Working Together to End Modern-Day Slavery." The conference continues today.
About 300 representatives of law enforcement agencies and social service organizations, such as the Salvation Army and the Diocesan Migrant and Refugee Services, attended the third annual conference.
Piñon detailed several cases in the El Paso area that illustrated crimes possibly related to human trafficking and indicative of the close association of human trafficking and immigrant smuggling.
In one case, police charged two men in October 2005 with unlawful transport for holding an 18-year-old man and an 18-year-old pregnant woman against their will after they had crossed the border into the United States near Fabens.
In another case, police in February this year recovered a 15-year-old Salvadoran girl during an undercover sting operation at the Downtown Greyhound bus station. Her alleged kidnapper tried to hold her in exchange for a $5,500 ransom, Piñon said.
Though local figures were unavailable, officials at the conference Wednesday conference speculated that trafficking in the region is rising and cited a Department of State estimate that about 18,000 people are trafficked annually in the United States. The FBI estimates that human trafficking generates about $9 billion in profit each year.
"During the past few years, we have seen an increase in trafficking in this area, but they're difficult to investigate because victims don't want to cooperate," said Michelle Arriaga, a graduate student who presented a report on local efforts to curb the crime. "If they're in constant fear of being deported, it's very difficult for them to be willing to participate or discuss what's happened to them."
Jennifer Romero, a victim specialist for the FBI in El Paso, said that victims often experience debilitating psychological abuse at the hands of the trafficker, who lures them with the promise of good jobs and assistance navigating through the U.S. immigration process, she said.
Human traffickers use coercion and control, sometimes depriving victims of basic necessities and using long-term manipulation to instill enough fear and doubt to prevent them from reporting to authorities, she said. Victims then can be forced into jobs that are illicit and illegal, such as prostitution and sex tourism.
"Screw with the mind, and the body will follow," she said.
Darren Meritz may be reached at dmeritz@elpasotimes .com; 546-6127.
2006-11-04
17:30:21
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