Mr. C.Y., age 71, has had significant emphysema for 6 years. He has reduced his cigarette smoking since mild congestive heart failure was diagnosed (right sided). He has been admitted to the hospital with a suspected closed pneumothorax and respiratory failure.
1.Describe the pathophysiologic changes in the lungs with emphysema, and explain how these affect oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
2.Explain the possible role of smoking in Mr. C.Y.’s case and its general effects on respiratory function (consider effects on cardiovascular function also).
3.Would significant characteristics related to emphysema and heart failure would you expect to observe in Mr. C.Y.
4.Explain how a pneumothorax has probably occurred in the presence of emphysema.
5.Explain how a pneumothorax has precipitated respiratory failure, using the effects of lung function and gas exchange in your answer. Include the criteria for respiratory failure.
6.Explain why caution must be exercised in administering oxygen to Mr. C.Y.
Mr. C.Y. is resting quietly. Suggest three complications of immobility that could develop in Mr. C.Y.
Explain how congestive heart failure develops from emphysema.
2007-07-24
08:50:47
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4 answers
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asked by
funmzire
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