Medical Trivia?

Question

Eight-year-old B.J. has had asthma for 2 years since he had acute bronchitis. He is tested for allergies and demonstrated marked responses to a number of animals, pollens and molds. B.J. also has a history of asthma related to exposure to very cold weather.
Please include references.

Describe the pathophysiology of an acute asthma attack in B. J. following exposure to cats.
Describe the early signs of an acute asthma attack and relate each of these to the changes taking place in the lungs.
State and explain the effects of a prolonged asthma attack.
Explain the factors contributing to severe hypoxia and acidosis in a prolonged attack.
Define status asthmaticus.
Explain why B. J. is likely to have frequent respiratory infections.
Suggest several measures that B. J. can take to reduce anxiety and perhaps the risk of an asthma attack.
Explain why a beta2-adrenergic agent is helpful in treating asthma and how it is usually administered.

Answer 1

Quite a lot of questions but anyway, I will try to short answers but maybe not in details. I attached good sources as your references.
>>Following exposure to cats, fur particles could be inhaled and serve as stimulant or allergen which would stimulate an antigen-antibody reaction. IgE in particular will be stimulated and will result to release of histamines causing constriction of airway smooth muscles,inflammation of the bronchi and contraction of the bronchial smooth muscle.
>>Symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing which are due to narrowing of the airway. Wheezing is produced when air try to pass through the narrowed tubes filled with mucus.
>> the mucus-producing cells within the airway increase their output and mucus plugs the airway. The combination of airway narrowing, mucus plugging, and airway inflammation can block portions of the airway entirely.
>>Air becomes trapped in the alveoli (air sacs at the end of the bronchioles). This trapped air cannot provide for the proper exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Trapped air leads to hypoxia (low oxygen content) in the body. When oxygen can no longer be provided, carbon dioxide can no longer be eliminated, it will leads to acidosis )
(from carbonic acid).
>>Statue Asthmaticus is a severe asthmatic attack which does not respond to standard treatments.
>> Take away all allergens and possible stimulants.
>>beta2-adrenergic agents causes smooth muscle relaxation resulting in dilation of bronchial passages.Administered intravenous infusion,subcutaneous injection,nebulization or orally.

Answer 2

do your own homework, I am happy answer questions, but not for people who are supposed to be learning and are too lazy to look it up.