2006-09-04 15:55:11 · 6 answers · asked by brujasbroom 1 in Law Enforcement & Police
The point is that warrant less wire taps give one person absolute power and "WE THE PEOPLE" cannot watch over with government
2006-09-04 15:52:44 · 15 answers · asked by Anonymous in Government
Politically conservative agendas may range from supporting the Vietnam War to upholding traditional moral and religious values to opposing welfare. But are there consistent underlying motivations?
Four researchers who culled through 50 years of research literature about the psychology of conservatism report that at the core of political conservatism is the resistance to change and a tolerance for inequality, and that some of the common psychological factors linked to political conservatism include:
Fear and aggression
Dogmatism and intolerance of ambiguity
Uncertainty avoidance
Need for cognitive closure
Terror management
"From our perspective, these psychological factors are capable of contributing to the adoption of conservative ideological contents, either independently or in combination," the researchers wrote in an article, "Political Conservatism as Motivated Social Cognition," recently published in the American Psychological Association's Psychological Bulletin.
Assistant Professor Jack Glaser of the University of California, Berkeley's Goldman School of Public Policy and Visiting Professor Frank Sulloway of UC Berkeley joined lead author, Associate Professor John Jost of Stanford University's Graduate School of Business, and Professor Arie Kruglanski of the University of Maryland at College Park, to analyze the literature on conservatism.
The psychologists sought patterns among 88 samples, involving 22,818 participants, taken from journal articles, books and conference papers. The material originating from 12 countries included speeches and interviews given by politicians, opinions and verdicts rendered by judges, as well as experimental, field and survey studies.
Ten meta-analytic calculations performed on the material - which included various types of literature and approaches from different countries and groups - yielded consistent, common threads, Glaser said.
The avoidance of uncertainty, for example, as well as the striving for certainty, are particularly tied to one key dimension of conservative thought - the resistance to change or hanging onto the status quo, they said.
The terror management feature of conservatism can be seen in post-Sept. 11 America, where many people appear to shun and even punish outsiders and those who threaten the status of cherished world views, they wrote.
Concerns with fear and threat, likewise, can be linked to a second key dimension of conservatism - an endorsement of inequality, a view reflected in the Indian caste system, South African apartheid and the conservative, segregationist politics of the late Sen. Strom Thurmond (R-South S.C.).
Disparate conservatives share a resistance to change and acceptance of inequality, the authors said. Hitler, Mussolini, and former President Ronald Reagan were individuals, but all were right-wing conservatives because they preached a return to an idealized past and condoned inequality in some form. Talk host Rush Limbaugh can be described the same way, the authors commented in a published reply to the article.
This research marks the first synthesis of a vast amount of information about conservatism, and the result is an "elegant and unifying explanation" for political conservatism under the rubric of motivated social cognition, said Sulloway. That entails the tendency of people's attitudinal preferences on policy matters to be explained by individual needs based on personality, social interests or existential needs.
The researchers' analytical methods allowed them to determine the effects for each class of factors and revealed "more pluralistic and nuanced understanding of the source of conservatism," Sulloway said.
While most people resist change, Glaser said, liberals appear to have a higher tolerance for change than conservatives do.
As for conservatives' penchant for accepting inequality, he said, one contemporary example is liberals' general endorsement of extending rights and liberties to disadvantaged minorities such as gays and lesbians, compared to conservatives' opposing position.
The researchers said that conservative ideologies, like virtually all belief systems, develop in part because they satisfy some psychological needs, but that "does not mean that conservatism is pathological or that conservative beliefs are necessarily false, irrational, or unprincipled."
They also stressed that their findings are not judgmental.
"In many cases, including mass politics, 'liberal' traits may be liabilities, and being intolerant of ambiguity, high on the need for closure, or low in cognitive complexity might be associated with such generally valued characteristics as personal commitment and unwavering loyalty," the researchers wrote.
This intolerance of ambiguity can lead people to cling to the familiar, to arrive at premature conclusions, and to impose simplistic cliches and stereotypes, the researchers advised.
The latest debate about the possibility that the Bush administration ignored intelligence information that discounted reports of Iraq buying nuclear material from Africa may be linked to the conservative intolerance for ambiguity and or need for closure, said Glaser.
"For a variety of psychological reasons, then, right-wing populism may have more consistent appeal than left-wing populism, especially in times of potential crisis and instability," he said.
Glaser acknowledged that the team's exclusive assessment of the psychological motivations of political conservatism might be viewed as a partisan exercise. However, he said, there is a host of information available about conservatism, but not about liberalism.
The researchers conceded cases of left-wing ideologues, such as Stalin, Khrushchev or Castro, who, once in power, steadfastly resisted change, allegedly in the name of egalitarianism.
Yet, they noted that some of these figures might be considered politically conservative in the context of the systems that they defended. The researchers noted that Stalin, for example, was concerned about defending and preserving the existing Soviet system.
Although they concluded that conservatives are less "integratively complex" than others are, Glaser said, "it doesn't mean that they're simple-minded."
Conservatives don't feel the need to jump through complex, intellectual hoops in order to understand or justify some of their positions, he said. "They are more comfortable seeing and stating things in black and white in ways that would make liberals squirm," Glaser said.
He pointed as an example to a 2001 trip to Italy, where President George W. Bush was asked to explain himself. The Republican president told assembled world leaders, "I know what I believe and I believe what I believe is right." And in 2002, Bush told a British reporter, "Look, my job isn't to nuance."
2006-09-04 15:48:40 · 9 answers · asked by Anonymous in Other - Politics & Government
2006-09-04 15:44:41 · 15 answers · asked by Anonymous in Politics
I just wanted to know what the U.S gives our infantry. How many rounds, what knife, how many MRE's what kind of backpack, boots ect.......
2006-09-04 15:44:35 · 6 answers · asked by ZEIONEZ 2 in Military
we would not need illegals over here taking jobs people should have to earn a living for their children.
2006-09-04 15:39:00 · 13 answers · asked by nakita 6 in Immigration
Where in the Constitution of the U.S. does it say to not murder? Like what amendment or section or article?
2006-09-04 15:38:13 · 12 answers · asked by Eric Knows Best 2 in Other - Politics & Government
military
2006-09-04 15:36:12 · 2 answers · asked by Queen 1 in Military
Why would you be conservative? What is the benifet?
2006-09-04 15:35:51 · 21 answers · asked by mountnrebl 2 in Politics
No, it wasn't. It was founded on defiance, and freedom of religion. Even though the Constitution explicitly says the U.S. shouldn't have an official religion, it's basically had one, Christianity. However, change is a-coming, and it's not going to stay Christian forever.
2006-09-04 15:35:45 · 15 answers · asked by Edna "Dirrty" Bambrick 1 in Other - Politics & Government
2006-09-04 15:35:06 · 3 answers · asked by Anonymous in Politics
I was incarserated in1992 for simple burglary 1 count as first offender ,I was relased in 1995 on parole and completed it in 2000,and now i've been out sinces then without no priors or convictions, what can i do too get my gun rights back.
2006-09-04 15:32:15 · 7 answers · asked by feelme3466 2 in Law Enforcement & Police
can anyone explain what it is
2006-09-04 15:31:23 · 3 answers · asked by pierson1953 3 in Law & Ethics
Why is it when I observe someone doing something stupid they are usually from Massachusetts?
Yahoo claims this is a Reason of Violation:Incites Violence or Hatred :
http://answers.yahoo.com/question/;_ylt=AkDm3yS08b6BmNtqyh7SYEUjzKIX?qid=20060731064716AAMCf0X
However this question "Why is Bush so stupid?" No violation there no hatred. LOL
Yahoo is a wanna be google.!
Go ahead a delete the account yahoo. also your real time quote system sucks IMHO!
2006-09-04 15:31:21 · 6 answers · asked by chuckles 1 in Politics
jump at others?
2006-09-04 15:31:04 · 23 answers · asked by jgmcs 1 in Immigration
2006-09-04 15:30:56 · 6 answers · asked by lacey s 1 in Law & Ethics
does anyone know how the state of oregon determines child support if the parent refuses to work,
2006-09-04 15:29:49 · 10 answers · asked by kemmer1029 2 in Law & Ethics
"How come Massachusetts is so Pervert friendly?"
Yahoo made the claim that this is "Incites Violence or Hatred." I guess we now what side they are on.
2006-09-04 15:26:03 · 6 answers · asked by chuckles 1 in Politics
a domain for racist or anti immgrant advocates to rant about hate and illegal aliens?
2006-09-04 15:24:26 · 16 answers · asked by jgmcs 1 in Immigration
Sickos, I was reading something on the net about it earlier.
2006-09-04 15:24:22 · 21 answers · asked by barbaradjt 5 in Other - Politics & Government
Why do white women have no axx?
because their grandmothers grand mother's mother had no axx
How do u find a white guy?
follow the smell of wet puppies and mayonaise
Why cant white men jump?
guilt weighs down the soul
why do white girls love black men? because of
white men.
2006-09-04 15:23:46 · 27 answers · asked by Mexican Bandito 1 in Immigration
Also, do you think it is a valid and worthwhile form of government (or lack thereof)?
2006-09-04 15:21:50 · 17 answers · asked by NoViolenceKnowPeace 1 in Other - Politics & Government
im just wondering i also have a friend who is a felon from 5 years ago when he was 17 and he wanted to know if it was legal or illegal for him to have one
2006-09-04 15:20:48 · 12 answers · asked by Cameron 1 in Law Enforcement & Police
Many will recall that on July 8, 1947, witnesses claim an
unidentified object with five aliens aboard crashed on a sheep and
cattle ranch just outside Roswell, New Mexico. This is a well known incident
that many say has long been covered up by the US Air Force and the federal
government.
However, you may well NOT know that in the month of March 1948,
exactly nine months after that historic day, Albert Arnold Gore, Jr.; Hillary
Rodham; John F. Kerry; William Jefferson Clinton; Howard Dean; Nancy
Pelosi; Dianne Feinstein; Charles E. Schumer; and Barbara Boxer were
born.
That piece of information has now cleared up a lot of things.
Are they really aliens?
LOL
2006-09-04 15:19:14 · 13 answers · asked by Anonymous in Other - Politics & Government
2006-09-04 15:17:47 · 13 answers · asked by chuckles 1 in Politics
for union worker or do they have union
2006-09-04 15:16:56 · 3 answers · asked by m-c 2 in Immigration
Where born from the same mother country , and we can unite and become one great country ...
2006-09-04 15:15:34 · 14 answers · asked by robghut 2 in Government
I mean I know why Im fascinated with her but Im just wondering.
2006-09-04 15:15:30 · 10 answers · asked by Anonymous in Other - Politics & Government
If so, please tell us why?
2006-09-04 15:10:24 · 11 answers · asked by Anonymous in Politics
2006-09-04 15:09:56 · 17 answers · asked by Anonymous in Politics
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