Cardiovascular disease and edema rash?

Question

Would somebody please take the time to explain the rash that occurs with severe leg edema? not the hemostatic edema spots, rather the large hive-like spots that occur with edema. They are almost like a sunburn in hive form. What are they called and how to treat them?
Thanks.

Answer 1

This topic will help you out which I have searched, (not applicable for diabetics:
Edema is defined as a clinically apparent increase in the interstitial fluid volume. A weight gain of several pounds over dry weight occurs before overt manifestations of edema. Edema may be localized or generalized (eg, edema involving the face, trunk, and extremities, termed anasarca). Edema may manifest as puffiness of the face (mainly in the periorbital areas) or as skin swelling that retains an indentation if pressed with a finger (ie, pitting edema). In the early stages, patients report that their rings fit more snugly on their fingers or they are having difficulty putting on shoes, particularly in the evening.

Pathogenesis

* Starling forces: These forces regulate the exchange of fluid between the 2 components (vascular and extravascular) of the extracellular compartment. The hydrostatic pressure within the vessels and the colloid oncotic pressure in the interstitial fluid tend to move fluid out of the vessels to the extravascular space. On the other hand, the hydrostatic pressure within the interstitial fluid (tissue tension) and the colloid oncotic pressure within the vascular system (from plasma proteins) promote the movement of fluid into the vascular compartment. These forces are usually balanced. The development of edema depends on one or more changes in the Starling forces such that a net movement of fluid occurs from the vascular system into the interstitium.

* Capillary damage: Edema also may result from damage to the capillary endothelium from chemical, bacterial, thermal, mechanical, or immunologic causes, leading to increased permeability and, thus, movement of protein into the interstitial compartment. The extravascular colloid oncotic pressure rises, causing net fluid movement outside of the vessels.

* Reduction of effective arterial volume: Patients with reduced effective arterial blood volume respond by increasing salt retention and, therefore, water retention by the proximal tubule, which leads to edema. Causes include CHF, low cardiac output states, nephrotic syndrome, and cirrhosis. The condition is made worse by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which responds by acting on the efferent renal arterioles and increasing Na+ reabsorption in the proximal tubule. This system also operates locally. Both circulating and renally produced angiotensin II contribute to renal vasoconstriction and to salt and water retention. Arginine vasopressin and endothelin levels are also elevated in persons with CHF and contribute to renal vasoconstriction, Na+ retention, and edema. In contrast, the atrial natriuretic peptides increase glomerular filtration, inhibit sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule, and inhibit release of renin and aldosterone, leading to a reduction in sodium retention.

Management

Patients should reduce salt intake, rest in the supine position each day, and wear elastic stockings, which should be put on before arising in the morning. Diuretics are helpful initially. Medications, including ACE inhibitors, progesterone, the dopamine receptor agonist bromocriptine, and sympathomimetic amine dextroamphetamine may be useful when administered to patients with resistant edema.

Answer 2

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Answer 3

Edema And Rash

Answer 4

Why ban them. They are no worse than the products that they are replaced with. It isn't the lard and butter that is so bad but the people who use them to excess as well as the rest of their unbalanced diets. That is unless they have a medical or mental condition that causes their obesity. Years ago there were fewer people who were obese when little was known of all these fad foods. Obesity is more prevalent now and when you get right down to it, it is caused by the modern foods we eat. Especially of the fast food variety. Lard and butter is never or seldom used in any of these. Don't think you can use the lard and butter as the obesity factor for that reason. The fat that causes most of the problems isn't that the rest of us can see on your person. It is what is in your arteries and veins and that around your heart. Saying that, my wife often tells me I'm fat headed so maybe there is some around my brain as well. Still. I'm getting old so I put it down to all that instead. Just hope I live as long as my parents. Dad 101 and mum 96. All those years on lard and butter never seemed to hurt them that much. I'm getting near there now and will continue to eat my fat and butter just as usual. Taste better as well. My wife and I still churn our own butter and if I could get the pork and beef fat I'd still render my own lard and dripping. Neither am I obese.