English is an Anglo-Frisian language. Germanic-speaking peoples from northwest Germany (Saxons and Angles) and Jutland (Jutes) invaded what is now known as Eastern England around the fifth century AD. It is a matter of debate whether the Anglo-Saxon language spread by displacement of the original population, or the native Celts gradually adopted the language and culture of a new ruling class (see Sub-Roman Britain), or a combination of both of these processes. There is also debate as to whether there were substantial numbers of Saxons already in Britain in late Roman times.
Whatever their origin, these Germanic dialects eventually coalesced to a degree and formed what is today called the Old English language, which resembled some coastal dialects in what are now north-west Germany and the Netherlands (i.e., Frisia). Throughout the history of written Old English, it retained a synthetic structure closer to that of Proto-Indo-European, being based on a single literary standard, while spoken Old English became increasingly analytic in nature, losing the more complex noun case system, relying more heavily on prepositions and fixed word-order to convey meaning. This is evident in the Middle English period, when literature was first recorded in the spoken dialects of English, after written Old English lost its status as the literary language of the nobility. It has been postulated that the early development of the language may have been influenced by a Celtic substratum.[5][6] Later, it was influenced by the related North Germanic language Old Norse, spoken by the Vikings who settled mainly in the north and the east coast down to London, the area known as the Danelaw.
Then came the Norman Conquest of England in 1066. For about 300 years after this, the Norman kings and the high nobility spoke only Anglo-Norman, which was close to Old French. A large number of Norman words found their way into Old English, particularly those in the legal and administrative fields. Later, many words were borrowed directly from Latin and Greek, leaving a parallel vocabulary that persists into modern times. The Norman influence strongly affected the evolution of the language over the following centuries, resulting in what is now referred to as Middle English.
During the 15th century, Middle English was transformed by the Great Vowel Shift, the spread of a standardised London-based dialect in government and administration, and the standardising effect of printing. Early Modern English can be traced back to around the time of William Shakespeare.
The English language belongs to the western sub-branch of the Germanic branch, which is itself a branch of the Indo-European family of languages
2007-05-18 02:19:24
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answer #1
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answered by M I K E . 3
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Germanic, I suppose. It's not a language, but the group of languages which English is in. Germanic includes Frisian, German, Dutch etc. Latin (especially French) affected English directly later on--Germanic is English's roots.
Though what's the "mother" of those Germanic languages and Sanskrit? Indo-European--so Hindi and English are related, you could say... but they split a very very very very long time ago--it's a bit of a stretch! Germanic and Italic (Latin) are both Indo-European languages too, but I suppose (and I might be wrong) they are more related (i.e. influenced each other directly because of their geographical location) more than Sanskrit.
2007-05-18 02:25:56
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answer #2
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answered by Luke 3
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English is a Germanic language, therefore its "mother" language is a language for which we have no records, but which can be reconstructed by scientific means--Proto-Germanic, spoken about 2500 years ago. Like Sanskrit, this language was the daughter of a language called Proto-Indo-European spoken about 6-8 thousand years ago.
I find the amount of ignorance on this subject amazing. English is NOT the daughter of Latin, Greek, or Sanskrit. It is not the daughter of German. It is the daughter of Proto-Germanic.
Edit for following answers: English is NOT a "mutt" language. We have borrowed words from French, Latin, and Greek, but our grammar is nearly 100% GERMANIC. We borrowed virtually nothing from these languages in terms of grammar. English is, pure and simple, a Germanic language. Our mother is Proto-Germanic, NOT Sanskrit, Latin, or any other non-Germanic language.
2007-05-18 03:26:28
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answer #3
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answered by Taivo 7
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Germanic
2007-05-18 02:12:30
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answer #4
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answered by Goddess of Grammar 7
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You might be surprised, but Sanskrit is the mother of all European languages, they originated from what is is called Indo European group of languages, that does not include oriental languages like Japanese, or Arabic group....
2007-05-18 15:42:40
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answer #5
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answered by russiancatsima 6
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It is researched that english is actually a mutt language.
Actually let me explain what a mutt is. A dog that breeds in all its different breeds ends up being a mutt.
And in an article published, it was stated that English is really and truly a "mutt" language.
2007-05-18 21:53:43
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answer #6
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answered by why 2
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Sanskrit again. Sanskrit is mother of all langauges (especially Indian) and English has a lot of words with Sanskrit roots.
2007-05-18 02:38:25
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answer #7
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answered by surnell 4
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English is a Bitchy language... It has many mothers... Hardly any of its words are original... Most of them are from Greek, Latin, Spanish etc... Even Sanskrit
2007-05-18 03:18:00
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answer #8
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answered by Anonymous
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English comes from a "broken home" and has roots in many other languages.
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2007-05-18 04:12:53
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answer #9
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answered by Anonymous
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Latin, along with English's brother languages, Spanish, French, Italian, German, etc...
:)
2007-05-18 02:14:25
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answer #10
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answered by searching_please 6
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