There is not an approved test for HPV like the HPV/DNA test that is used in conjunction with our Pap smear.
Low risk HPV types are the HPV types that generally cause visible genital warts.
Men with partners of women who have a high risk HPV infection may also have flat warts that are difficult to see. A good dermatologist can use the vinegar soak and then using a magnification they will look to see if your boyfriend also has flat warts. The vinegar warp may turn the warts white so that they are more visible.
From the CDC website
There are currently no tests approved to detect early evidence of HPV-associated cancers in men, as there are for women (Pap tests). Nonetheless, since anal cancer is more common in gay, bisexual, and HIV-positive men, some experts recommend routine anal Pap tests for those populations. The anal Pap test is used to find abnormal cells in the anus (caused by HPV) that could turn into cancer over time. However, it is not yet clear that finding and removing abnormal cells from the anus will effectively prevent anal cancer from developing in the future. CDC does not recommend anal cancer screening
Also the HPVtest has a link for the male. www.thehpvtest.com
I am enclosing articles and links that will help you learn more about HPV in the male. Your partner shares your infection even though his HPV is not showing visual signs or as a manifestation of a wart.
Most of us build immunity to our shared HPV type and this immunity seems to be stronger in couples in a committed relationship.
Research also shows that condoms even in a committed relations will help the virus regress. Condom use in woman after a treatment also seems to help prevent reoccurrence. Condoms provide more protection to the cervix after removal to the virus it may take a bit longer for our body to recognize the virus and start building immunity. Condoms use until two clear pap is a good idea.
I am enclosing some articles and links on HPV testing in the male.
I wish you well.
The masculine side of HPV
http://www.latimes.com/features/health/la-he-
hpv19mar19100914,1,2907724.story?coll=la-headlines-health
Human papillomavirus DNA detection in male sexual partners of women
with genital human papillomavirus infection.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15708032&dopt=Abstract
HPV Associated With Flat Lesions on Penis
http://www.natap.org/2005/newsUpdates/011105_01.htm
The acetowhite test in genital human papillomavirus infection in men: what does it add?
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1468-3083.2001.00196.x
Medical study pays off for students
Offering to pay up to $675 over three years, researchers studying a
sexually transmitted virus have found many willing subjects from the
USF student population
By Ryan Blackburn
NEWS EDITOR
July 21, 2005
One syringe contains a vaccine, another a placebo. USF senior Brandon
Gogue won't know which one was given to him for three years.
Gogue is one of about 100 USF male students who has submitted blood
and genital-swab samples for three H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center
studies into the Human Papillomavirus. One of the studies requires
applicants to be injected with a vaccine, which researchers say could
aide in the fight against cervical cancer in women. For their
troubles, students are paid.
"You can make about $600 over three years," said Gogue, who returned
for a third injection on Wednesday. "The first time I went I got $125,
the second time, I got $50. They took swabs around the head of my
penis and in my rectum. Then they put me under a big magnifying glass
in order to check my genitals for any noticeable signs of HPV."
One of the most common sexually transmitted diseases, HPV affects some
20 million people in the U.S. According to the National Institute of
Health, out of the 100 types of HPV that exists, 30 can be contracted
through sexual intercourse.
HPV is the virus responsible for warts, but many people infected with
HPV have no symptoms.
"HPV is so common, all it takes is to have sex just one time and you
can get the infection," said cancer epidemiologist Anna Giuliano, who
is heading the study at Moffitt. "I think it's important to realize
that HPV is not like HIV or other STDs, where most often the people
who contract these diseases and infections are usually the type of
people who come from a high-risk group. This is not the case with HPV,
because it affects normal everyday people."
Recruitment for the vaccine study began last year in December, but
researchers are looking for another 50 healthy men aged 18 to 23. "We
are looking for a selection of 4,000 for this world-wide study," said
project director Martha Abrahamsen. "We already have recruited 80
percent of our ideal group from 40 different sites."
Volunteers for the study can set up an appointment where they will
fill out paper work and give details of their medical and sexual
history via a confidential computer database.
"All the information will go to the Moffitt data bank," Abrahamsen
said. "If a guy answers that he's had 100 sexual partners, we won't
know because we won't be able to access his name."
For Gogue, the amount of time, energy and awkwardness that comes with
taking part was minimal.
"The first day I was there for an hour to an hour and a half," Gogue
said. "After they gave me the shot, I had to wait 30 minutes for
doctors to check my temperature and swelling in my arm. Afterwards I
was given the number of the doctor at the place to call if anything
came up."
A further requirement is that subjects must maintain a weekly chart.
"You're supposed to write down your temperature, if you're feeling any
pain, what medications you're taking," criminology student Evan Beck
said. "They just want to know whatever happens, because it may or may
not be from the shot."
The most common side effects of receiving the vaccine, according to
Giuliano, are a mild pain in the arm where the shot was administered
and headaches.
As an added incentive, Abrahamsen said volunteers in the study would
also be told whether they have HPV or other STDs.
"We can test you and we'll tell you if you have it," Abrahamsen said.
"We also test for other STDs for free. We can treat you if you have a
wart, but remember the virus is in your body, like herpes; there's no
cure, but we can give you cream, or we can freeze or take a biopsy to
get rid of the growth."
Only some types of HPV are responsible for genital warts, whereas the
most threatening types, not associated with genital warts, can lead to
cervical cancer.
"It's the number-two cancer killer for women in the world," said
cancer epidemiologist Anna Giuliano, who is heading the study at
Moffitt. "It is especially a threat to those countries where PAP-smear
screenings are not as common or available as they are in the U.S. "
The vaccination, known as GARDASIL, is similar to the Hepatitis
vaccination in that it consists of three shots spaced over several months.
According to Giuliano, studies have shown that GARDASIL is 92 percent
effective in preventing HPV infections in women.
Vaccine trials for women have been underway for several years, and
GARDASIL is expected to be on the market soon.
"The women's vaccine was proven safe, and it should be on the market
sometime next year," Abrahamsen said.
This same vaccine is now undergoing trials in men. The pharmaceutical
company Merck & Co. is backing the trials for the vaccine.
Additionally, Giuliano said Florida might be more vulnerable to cases
of HPV then in other states, due to the high traffic of people coming
in from overseas.
"When we look at Florida, we have a lot of people coming in every day
from all over the world," Guiliano said. "Naturally, we have a lot of
people coming in from these areas who are not accustomed to getting
PAP smears."
Giuliano added that young people are especially susceptible to HPV.
"Over a period of four years, 70 percent of women and a comparable
percentage of men in their 20s will contract the HPV virus," Giuliano
said. "That is why it's so important for the university population to
understand what HPV is and what they can do to protect themselves and
their partners." end of article
PENISCOPY IN DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE OF SUBCLINICAL HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS INFECTION
Ljubojevic S, Ljubojevic N1, Lipozencic J, Skerlev M, Zele-Starcevic L2 Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia 2Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
Background: Genital human papilloma virus (HPV) infections have risen dramatically over the past 30 years, and are now the most common courses of viral sexually transmitted disease (STD). Man are usually reservoir of the virus, which lives in latent form on genital mucous membranes, which as subclinical, asymptomatic infections can be oncogenic factor( s) in development of cervical cancer in female. Although penile skin hosts HPV frequently, cancer develops very rarely. However, sometimes they can develop penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) lesions
Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known to induce three different manifestations: clinical, subclinical, and latent infection. Clinical anogenital lesions are defined as those visible to the naked eye, without any enhancing techniques. They include a spectrum of diseases, from benign verruca vulgaris, condylomata acuminata, to malignant cervical, vulvar, anal or penile cancer. Using peniscopy, subclinical lesions can be classified as flat (at skin level), papular (raise slightly above the surface in circumscript area), papillary (obvious protrusion above the surface, forming papillary growth or papilloma), and classic condylomata (grossly recognizable protuberance with finely pointed epithelial excrescences). Latent infections are defined by presence of HPV DNA in areas with no clinical or histologic evidence of HPV infection.
Aim: of the study was to establish the frequency of HPV infection in asymptomatic male partners of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).
Material and methods: The study included 30 male partners of females with known CIN grade 3, which was previously diagnosed by cytological tests (PAPA smears), done by their gynecologists. All male partners were unaware of or denied the presence of a genital sites. Exfoliated cells from predilection sites of the external penile surface (corona glandis, frenulum, preputium, sulcus) and urethral meatus were obtained and analyzed by Dygene Hybrid Capture II method (2001 Digene, Gaithersburg, USA). for the presence of HPV DNA. The peniscopy with previous use of 5% acetic acid, applied for 5-10 minutes was performed in all male sexual partner.
Results: Nine out of 30 patients (30%) had positive HPV using Dygene Hybrid Capture method. Peniscopy showed various HPV associated changes (from condylomata plana to PIN lesions) in 28 (93%) patients. All 28 patients were properly treated.
Conclusion: Screening and treatment of male partners which sexual partners have CIN lesion are mandatory not only for the patient but also for epidemiological purposes, including prevention of carcinoma. Examination of the genitalia by colposcopic equipment (peniscopy) after application of 5% acetic acid has been claimed to be the most reliable method for the identification of subclinical HPV infection. Our data could confirm this importance.
Genital human papillomavirus infection in the male sexual partners of women with isolated vulvar lesions
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00376.x
Male Sexual Behavior and HPV Key Risk factors for CC
http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/jnci%3b88/15/1060.pdf
Prevalence of genital human papillomavirus infections established using different diagnostic techniques among males attending a urological clinic
PENISCOPY IN DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE OF SUBCLINICAL HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS INFECTION
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a746043722~db=all
2007-05-17 03:51:39
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answer #9
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answered by tarnishedsilverheart 7
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