What materials are integrated circuits typically made out of?

Question

I am interested in finding out exactly what materials, ceramics, metals etc. an integrated circuit is constructed with

Answer 1

basic material is high purity silicon

then a thn layer of silicon dioxide is grown on the surface

then other materials (dopants) are implanted to change the electrical conductivity in small zones, the dopants are typically boron and phosphorus

addition of metal layers, either aluminum or copper, create the basic diodes that from a transistor.

repeat tens-of-millions of times (actually each step is performed in parallel for all of them at the same time) and you have the central core of a CPU

Answer 2

Bombaybubba has just about everything. One clarification: The silicon substrate not only is high purity, but is also a single crystal.
Also, among the metals you might find in an IC, you should include gold.