Evolution and complexity. Explain this...?

Question

Mutations are copying errors in the genes that nearly always lose information. Is there an example where this is not the case? It seems "Raw energy cannot generate the specified complex information in living things. Undirected energy just speeds up destruction." hence cancer.

Please cite a source where there is more complexity to the dna that wasn't there before through random chance. Use links to other sites to back up your assertions.

--Mutations CAN add information. They can copy a gene incorrectly, adding two of them instead of one.

Let's go back to the original gene, i.e the first one that was created. Where did it get its additional information?

Raw energy cannot generate the specified complex information in living things. Undirected energy just speeds up destruction. Just standing out in the sun won’t make you more complex—the human body lacks the mechanisms to harness raw solar energy. If you stood in the sun too long, you would get skin cancer, because the sun’s undirected energy will cause mutations.

Answer 1

"Mutations are copying errors ... that lose information"

Where did you get that? A copying error CHANGES information. It doesn't lose it. There are many types of mutations. Some involve dublicating stretches of DNA
and plopping in into another part of the gene. That adds a heck of a lot of information. A mutation of a single nucleotide can change change one amino acid in a protein into a different one.

All species have regions of DNA that regulate how genes are expressed - when they are expressed, during embryoninc development for example or how strongly they are expressed. Mutations in these regulatory regions can cause slight changes in the way a gene is regulated that can have big effects on the organism.

Recently, it was discovered that a single mutation in an area of DNA involved in brain development accounts for a lot of the difference in the complexity of human and ape brains. The genes in both species make the same protein, but in humans, one change in the DNA makes the gene turn on earlier in the embryo and results in a far greater complexity than in the ape. Very rarely, people get a mutation in that spot and the resulting baby is severly retarded, with more of an ape brain than a human one.

The raw energy comment is nonsense and has no meaning.

Answer 2

Your assertion that they "nearly always lose information" is erronous. There are a lot of survivable mutations, seeing as most organisms have two sets, the other copy can be read. Recombinant DNA can make a deadly mutation not deadly and sometimes even advantageous. Cancer is most often caused by a mutation in the genetic code that either prohibits the stopping of growth or specifies function or both. I'm not sure whence you are quoting this pseudoscience but you would do well to check your source. It's bunk. Mutation does not cause raw energy.

Answer 3

First, as pointed out above, you have made errors in information theory. Your quote is also a problem. All energy is raw energy. A physical example is liquid water, all liquid water is liquid water, but not all liquid water is capable of flowing in all directions because the physical world limits it. A raw energy blast such as a fire is would speed up destruction. However, raw energy from chemical reactions are bound by the governing principals of conservation and as such are limited in the form they can take, hence copying mistakes. All energy is definitionally undirected, since energy itself cannot make choices, but energy can be operational bounded by the environment.

Answer 4

I don't know where you got that quote from, but it has nothing to do with the first part of your paragraph. And I don't know what it means by 'raw energy' - that's not a form of energy.

Mutations CAN add information. They can copy a gene incorrectly, adding two of them instead of one.

Answer 5

mutations are changes to the base pair sequence of genetic material (either DNA or RNA). Mutations can be caused by copying errors in the genetic material during cell division and by exposure to ultraviolet or ionizing radiation, chemical mutagens, or viruses, or can occur deliberately under cellular control during processes such as meiosis or hypermutation. In multicellular organisms, mutations can be subdivided into germline mutations, which can be passed on to descendants, and somatic mutations. The somatic mutations cannot be transmitted to descendants in animals. Plants sometimes can transmit somatic mutations to their descendants asexually or sexually (in case when flower buds develop in somatically mutated part of plant).

Mutations create variation in the gene pool, and the less favorable (or deleterious) mutations are removed from the gene pool by natural selection, while more favorable (beneficial or advantageous) ones tend to accumulate, resulting in evolutionary change.

Answer 6

A simple demonstration of information gaining mutation.

Natural selection is the filter. Favorable mutations are amplified and unfavorable mutations fade based on survival.

Answer 7

Complexity is in basic terms considered one of various lines of evidence pointing to advent. yet whilst it replaced into the only line of evidence, then evolution has the comparable problem: X is complicated, subsequently evolution discovered a fashion. I call it "Evolution of the Gaps."

Answer 8

It is actually a substitution where the wrong block gets placed into the chain. That wrong block gets copied at the next split and so on. Not that it loses information at all.

Where do you get that it usually loses info. It is usually neutral. And it is as likely to get additional blocks as it is to lose one.

Answer 9

Sure, the genome can double in a random variation of copying. Thereafter, twice as much DNA for evolution to work on.

Answer 10

Ecoli mutate in the lab to be able to digest sugar, which they ordinarily cannot do. You are simply mistaken.