This is what I found:
Mandarin is a group name for a class of oranges with thin, loose peel, which have been dubbed "kid-glove" oranges. These are treated as members of a distinct species, Citrus reticulata Blanco. The name "tangerine" could be applied as an alternate name to the whole group, but, in the trade, is usually confined to the types with red-orange skin. In the Philippines all mandarin oranges are called naranjita. Spanish-speaking people in the American tropics call them mandarina.
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A mandarin by any other name (published Dec.2004)
Author: Cindy Fake, Horticulture and Small Farms Advisor, Placer and Nevada Counties
A mandarin by any other name would taste as sweet, but what is it? In Japanese, mandarin is mikan; in India; it is the suntara. In French and German, it is mandarine; in Italian, mandarino, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, and Bulgarian all use mandarina; but to many Americans, mandarin is an unfamiliar term.
There is a lot of confusion about mandarins and tangerines. Some people say that if the skin is reddish-orange and it has seeds, it is a tangerine and that only Satsumas are mandarins. Others think all of them are tangerines. Part of the confusion is because mandarins make up the largest and most varied group of citrus.
THE MANDARIN
According to most of the world’s citrus experts, all of the loose skinned, cold-hardy citrus are mandarins, botanically known as Citrus reticulata. Properly speaking, they are not mandarin oranges, but simply mandarins. However, since many Americans’ only acquaintance with mandarins is from a can labeled “mandarin oranges”, it may be helpful to call them mandarin oranges, even if it is not technically correct. Interestingly, DNA technology has revealed that the common or sweet orange is probably a hybrid of a pummelo, a large, thick-skinned citrus, and a mandarin. So, even your orange is part mandarin!
Where did tangerine come from? Mandarins were first imported from China into the Mediterranean region through the port of Tangiers, hence the name tangerine. However, to quote one citrus expert, Lance Walheim, “The name tangerine has no botanical standing; rather it appears to have developed as a marketing term for bright colored (reddish-orange) varieties of common mandarin, such as Dancy”.
Use of the term tangerine is not consistent, as some pale yellow- orange fruit are also called tangerines. Outside the US, the term is rarely used. To put it succinctly, a mandarin is a mandarin and so is a tangerine.
MANDARIN TYPES
Most horticulturalists divide mandarins into four groups:
1. Satsuma mandarins primarily developed in Japan. These are the most cold hardy mandarins.
2. Mediterranean mandarins, called “Willowleaf” mandarin because of its small narrow leaves
3. King mandarins, a small group of mandarins of Indo- China, important primarily as parents of commercial varieties such as Kinnow and Encore
4. Common mandarins, a diverse group that includes numerous hybrids and many of what some would call tangerines; the Clementines, Dancy, Kinnow, and Fairchild Satsuma and common mandarins are the two commercially important groups. While some varieties fit easily into these four categories, one of the properties of mandarins (and other citrus) is that they mutate spontaneously. Many of the wide range of Satsuma and Clementine varieties are the result of such mutations.
HISTORY OF THE MANDARIN
Mandarins probably originated in China and were taken to India by traders. Later they spread to Japan, where Satsuma Mandarins developed about three hundred years ago.
Although citrus has been grown in Europe and the Mediterranean since Greek and Roman times, mandarins arrived in Europe much later than other citrus.
What traveled to Europe was willowleaf and common mandarin. Our California mandarins trace back to the European and Japanese introductions.
SATSUMA MANDARINS
Our Satsuma varieties came to us from Japan. Most of the commercial production in the foothills is ‘Owari’ Satsuma mandarins. They are orange-colored 2 to 3 inch fruit, with a slightly flattened shape. Other Satsuma varieties include Okitsu Wase, Kuno Wase, and Dobashi Beni. Satsuma varieties are popular because they are sweet, seedless, and easy to peel and separate.
Satsuma mandarin trees are very cold hardy, but the fruit is considerably less so. Trees have been known to survive down to 16 degrees, but fruit will be damaged if temperatures fall below 28ºF for just a few hours.
CLEMENTINE MANDARINS
Our Clementines, also known as “Algerian tangerines” came to California from the Mediterranean and via Florida. Clementines are frequently called angerines because of their reddish orange color.
The original ‘Clementine’ mandarin was selected in Oran, Algeria in the early 20th century by a French missionary, Father Clement Rodier. Although some sources have described it as an accidental hybrid of sour (Seville) orange and Mediterranean mandarin, it is now thought to be identical to the Canton mandarin of China. There have been so many selections of the original Clementine that Clementine is now used as a term for a group of varieties, which include Clemenules, Fina, Marisol, and Oroval.
Clementine fruit are usually seedless, unless there is a pollenizer nearby. They are a deeper orange than Satsumas, with a more rounded shape. The skin is loose enough to peel easily, but not as loose as the Satsuma. Clementine fruit is sweet, juicy, and has a wonderful, spicy aroma. Clementines are not as cold hardy as Satsumas, but do well in warmer locations of the lower foothills between 400 and 800 feet. The leaves are usually smaller and narrower than Satsumas, resembling willowleaf mandarins. The foliage is also aromatic.
Regardless of what you call them, mandarins make great trees for yards, with a wonderful fragrance and beautiful fruit to brighten dreary winter days. And the fruit is sure to be enjoyed by all! There are many mandarin varieties produced in the foothills, with harvest periods ranging from November through February. So sit down, peel a mandarin, and enjoy the citrus taste of the foothills!
2007-03-14 16:26:22
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answer #1
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answered by Desi Chef 7
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For the best answers, search on this site https://shorturl.im/aw74T
Because they are the most popular and most abundant fruit during Chinese New Year. Some other foods are fish, Nian Gao, Jau gok, Jiaozi dumplings, or dumplings, Turnip cakes, Taro cakes, Tikoy, Melon seed/Kwatji (Chinese: 瓜子; pinyin: gwāzi) and Candy.
2016-04-06 23:16:40
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answer #8
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answered by Anonymous
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