how central mechanism is differentiate with the local mechanism of cardiovascular regulation system..?

Question

4 example .. after exercising, how baroreceptor act efficiently to satisfy the oxygen demands and how local mechanism will ensure the adequate tissue perfusion.? and also do the chemoreceptor synergize with the baroreceptor ?? what are the differents of this two receptors..

Answer 1

its a good question and the answer is quite lenghty i will try my best to be brief and to the point.
baroreceptors are sensitive to blood pressure changes .their efferents go to medulla and control the activity of ANS.so decrease firing of baroreceptors due to decrease BP CAUSE decrease IN activity of Parasympathetic ANS and and heart rate increase ,,and increase activit of Sympathetic ANS resulting in increse heart rate ,increase contractility and increase total peripheral resistance thereby restoring bp .opposite occurs in increase firing of baroreceptors by increase BP.so they regulate bp.
local autoregulation controls local blood flow to the tissues by increasing or decreasing the resistance a phenomenon called autoregulation that is regulated by local metabolites
IN EXERCISE the resistance in the skeletal vessels decrease a lot resulting in decrease in total peripheral resistance so decreasing blood pressure so the firing of baroreceptors increase ,increasing heart rate and cardiac output.
CHEMORECEPTORS are normally influenced by the level of carbondioaxide and hydrogen ions and are responsible for ventilatory drive controlling breathing rate and only when when oxygen conc. decrease alot such that at high altitude the chemoreceptors are stimulated by oxygen and oxygen becomes responsible for ventilatory drive.
in EXERCISE the carbon dioxide production in muscles and therefore blood increase that stimulates central and peripheral chemoreceptors thereby increasing the rate of breathing.i would certainly like to enter a point that on start of exercise the breathing rate goes up even before carbon dioxide production has increased coz of stretch receptors in the muscles stimulates respiratory center .these receptors are more in the arms than legs.so actually at the start of exercise ur carbon dioxide conc goes down only after a while it creeps up.

Answer 2

This is a very complicated question, but basically the baroreceptors are located inside the arterial system throughout the body and measure the arterial pressure changes. If the pressure is too low, the baroreceptor sends a signal to the brain to increase sympathetic system stimulation which acts to contract peripheral blood vessels and therefore raise blood pressure. When you are exercising, you naturally will have an increase in blood pressure due to increased need for oxygen in the muscles. The baroreceptor will allow for this increase temporarily while exercising and will reset afterwards. (normal blood pressure during strenuous exercise is about 190/110)
Chemoreceptors measure oxygen levels in the blood. If they sense a drop in oxygen, then a signal is sent via the sympathetic nervous system to the brain to increase the respiratory rate. The sympathetic nervous system is a group of nerves that transmit these signals to and from the brain. You can actually pick out these nerves in cadavers.

If you have further questions, please send them to me. email [e-mail] I know a ton about this, but I might be giving you more than you want.

Answer 3

It is very much correlated :
during exercise your heart rate is increased and so is the respiratory rate to provide oxygen demand in the body, mechanism is controlled both by chemoreceptors and barorecptors in the carotid artery. more adrenaline is poured out resulting in excess glucose turning into lactic acid.
Here both systems is coherent.