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2006-12-19 13:22:50 · 12 answers · asked by Anonymous in Health Diseases & Conditions Diabetes

12 answers

What is diabetes?
What is the impact of diabetes?
What causes diabetes?
What are the different types of diabetes?
What are diabetes symptoms?
How is diabetes diagnosed?
Why is blood sugar checked at home?
What are the acute complications of diabetes?
What are the chronic complications of diabetes?
What can be done to slow diabetes complications?
How is diabetes treated?
The future of pancreas transplantation
Diabetes At A Glance
Related Diabetes articles:
Diabetes symptom - on WebMD
Read what your doctor is reading:
Diabetes - on Medscape


What are diabetes symptoms?

The early symptoms of untreated diabetes are related to elevated blood sugar levels, and loss of glucose in the urine. High amounts of glucose in the urine can cause increased urine output and lead to dehydration. Dehydration causes increased thirst and water consumption. The inability of insulin to perform normally has effects on protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Insulin is an anabolic hormone, that is, one that encourages storage of fat and protein. A relative or absolute insulin deficiency eventually leads to weight loss despite an increase in appetite. Some untreated diabetes patients also complain of fatigue, nausea and vomiting. Patients with diabetes are prone to developing infections of the bladder, skin, and vaginal areas. Fluctuations in blood glucose levels can lead to blurred vision. Extremely elevated glucose levels can lead to lethargy and coma.


How is diabetes diagnosed?

The fasting blood glucose (sugar) test is the preferred way to diagnose diabetes. It is easy to perform and convenient. After the person has fasted overnight (at least 8 hours), a single sample of blood is drawn and sent to the laboratory for analysis. This can also be done accurately in a doctor’s office using a glucose meter.

Normal fasting plasma glucose levels are less than 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl). Fasting plasma glucose levels of more than 126 mg/dl on two or more tests on different days indicate diabetes. A random blood glucose test can also be used to diagnose diabetes A blood glucose level of 200 mg/dl or higher indicates diabetes.

When fasting blood glucose stays above 100mg/dl, but in the range of 100-126mg/dl, this is known as impaired fasting glucose (IFG). While patients with IFG do not have the diagnosis of diabetes, this condition carries with it its own risks and concerns, and is addressed elsewhere.

The oral glucose tolerance test

Though not routinely used anymore, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is a gold standard for making the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. It is still commonly used for diagnosing gestational diabetes. With an oral glucose tolerance test, the person fasts overnight (at least eight but not more than 16 hours). Then first, the fasting plasma glucose is tested. After this test, the person receives 75 grams of glucose (100 grams for pregnant women). There are several methods employed by obstetricians to do this test, but the one described here is standard. Usually, the glucose is in a sweet-tasting liquid that the person drinks. Blood samples are taken at specific intervals to measure the blood glucose.

For the test to give reliable results, the person must be in good health (not have any other illnesses, not even a cold). Also, the person should be normally active (not lying down, for example, as an inpatient in a hospital) and should not be taking medicines that could affect the blood glucose. For three days before the test, the person should have eaten a diet high in carbohydrates (150- 200 grams per day). The morning of the test, the person should not smoke or drink coffee.

The classic oral glucose tolerance test measures blood glucose levels five times over a period of three hours. Some physicians simply get a baseline blood sample followed by a sample two hours after drinking the glucose solution. In a person without diabetes, the glucose levels rise and then fall quickly. In someone with diabetes, glucose levels rise higher than normal and fail to come back down as fast.

People with glucose levels between normal and diabetic have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). People with impaired glucose tolerance do not have diabetes, but are at high risk for progressing to diabetes. Each year, 1-5% of people whose test results show impaired glucose tolerance actually eventually develop diabetes. Weight loss and exercise may help people with impaired glucose tolerance return their glucose levels to normal. In addition, some physicians advocate the use of medications, such as metformin (Glucophage), to help prevent/delay the onset of overt diabetes. Recent studies have shown that impaired glucose tolerance itself may be a risk factor for the development of heart disease. In the medical community, most physicians are now understanding that impaired glucose tolerance is nor simply a precursor of diabetes, but is its own clinical disease entity that requires treatment and monitoring.

Evaluating the results of the oral glucose tolerance test

Glucose tolerance tests may lead to one of the following diagnoses:

Normal response: A person is said to have a normal response when the 2-hour glucose level is less than 140 mg/dl, and all values between 0 and 2 hours are less than 200 mg/dl.
Impaired glucose tolerance: A person is said to have impaired glucose tolerance when the fasting plasma glucose is less than 126 mg/dl and the 2-hour glucose level is between 140 and 199 mg/dl.
Diabetes: A person has diabetes when two diagnostic tests done on different days show that the blood glucose level is high.
Gestational diabetes: A woman has gestational diabetes when she has any two of the following: a 100g OGTT, a fasting plasma glucose of more than 95 mg/dl, a 1-hour glucose level of more than 180 mg/dl, a 2-hour glucose level of more than 155 mg/dl, or a 3-hour glucose level of more than 140 mg/dl.

2006-12-20 11:28:43 · answer #1 · answered by meekaila 3 · 0 0

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2016-05-17 02:39:06 · answer #2 · answered by Erica 3 · 0 0

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2016-09-17 23:54:39 · answer #3 · answered by ? 3 · 0 0

most of the time there is no early signs but some people have back pain between the shoulder blades, weight loss or gain, frequent urination. If it goes to far you will start to have vision problems among other body organ problems. The best thing to do it have your sugar checked at least once a year and then you will not have to worry and if you are developing a problem you can change your diet and take care of it before you have to go on medicine. This is a very serious disease and is not to be taken lightly

2006-12-19 14:38:36 · answer #4 · answered by roy40372 6 · 0 0

weight gain or loss, excessive thirst, frequent urination, frequent infections, and rashes.

Many times people will develop insulin resistance before becoming diabetic. This is when you make too much insulin. Eventually the pancreas burns out and makes too little and one develops type II diabetes. If you want to check for insulin resistance, ask for a fasting glucose and a fasting insulin. If both are elevated, chances are you have insulin resistance.

2006-12-19 14:48:40 · answer #5 · answered by DNA 6 · 0 0

Forget anything you have ever been told about Diabetes.

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2016-05-02 08:17:13 · answer #6 · answered by ? 3 · 0 0

All of the answers are correct. My mother had extreme thirst. A lot of times diabetes is brought on by an infection like a yeast infection. When your body starts attacking its own beta and alpha cells thinking the are the infection. That was the signal for a lot of diabetics that I know

2006-12-20 00:07:36 · answer #7 · answered by Maroo 3 · 0 0

Doctors Reverse Diabetes Without Drugs - http://Help.DiabetesGoGo.com

2016-02-15 03:57:37 · answer #8 · answered by Lara 3 · 0 0

it is called the three p"s
polydypsia (means that u feel thirst multiple times aday ) and poly urea ( increase in the times u urinate per day) and polyphagia ( u feel hungry more than usual)
and there are certain other things such us headach fatigue nausea
those as for the early symptoms of diabetic mellitus

2006-12-20 04:59:39 · answer #9 · answered by doctora didi 2 · 0 0

As mentioned above, thirst and frequent urination are common, but don't rely on that. If in doubt, or if it runs in your family, a simple, easy blood test will tell the tale. If it turns out that you or someone you know is diabetic, then I recommend you read my diabetes info webpage. It's not that hard to control....
http://www.geocities.com/seabulls69/Type_II_Diabetes.html

2006-12-19 13:28:28 · answer #10 · answered by Mr. Peachy® 7 · 0 1

#1 Food That Reverses Diabetes : http://Diabetes.neatprim.com

2016-03-07 01:50:44 · answer #11 · answered by Cyril 3 · 0 0

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