Pollutants can cause diseases, including cancer, lupus, immune diseases, allergies, and asthma. Higher levels of background radiation have led to an increased incidence of cancer and mortality associated with it worldwide. Some illnesses are named for the places where specific pollutants were first formally implicated. One example is Minamata disease, which is caused by mercury compounds.
Air pollution principally injures the respiratory system, and health effects can be studied through three approaches, clinical, epidemiological, and toxicological. Clinical studies use human subjects in controlled laboratory conditions, epidemiological studies assess human subjects (health records) in real-world conditions, and toxicological studies are conducted on animals or simple cellular systems. Of course, epidemiological studies are the most closely related to actual conditions, but they are the most difficult to interpret because of the lack of control and the subsequent problems with statistical analysis. Another difficulty arises because of differences in response among different people. For example, elderly asthmatics are likely to be more strongly affected by sulfur dioxide than the teenage members of a hiking club. See also Epidemiology.
Damage to vegetation by air pollution is of many kinds. Sulfur dioxide may damage field crops such as alfalfa and trees such as pines, especially during the growing season (Fig. 1). Both hydrogen fluoride (HF) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in high concentrations have been shown to be harmful to citrus trees and ornamental plants, which are of economic, importance in central Florida. Ozone and ethylene are other contaminants that cause damage to certain kinds of vegetation.
Air pollution can affect the dynamics of the atmosphere through changes in longwave and shortwave radiation processes. Particles can absorb or reflect incoming short-wave solar radiation, keeping it from the Earth's surface during the day. Greenhouse gases can absorb long-wave radiation emitted by the Earth's surface and atmosphere.
Carbon dioxide, methane, fluorocarbons, nitrous oxides, ozone, and water vapor are important greenhouse gases. These represent a class of gases that selectively absorb long-wave radiation. This effect warms the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and surface higher than would be found in the absence of an atmosphere (the greenhouse effect). Because the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is rising, there is a possibility that the temperature of the atmosphere will gradually rise, possibly resulting in a general warming of the global climate over a time period of several generations. See also Greenhouse effect.
Researchers are also concerned with pollution of the stratosphere (10–50 km or 6–30 mi above the Earth's surface) by aircraft and by broad surface sources. The stratosphere is important, because it contains the ozone layer, which absorbs part of the Sun's short-wave radiation and keeps it from reaching the surface. If the ozone layer is significantly depleted, an increase in skin cancer in humans is expected. Each 1% loss of ozone is estimated to increase the skin cancer rate 3–6%. See also Stratosphere.
Bad air quality can kill. Ozone pollution can cause sore throats, inflammation, chest pain and congestion. Oil spills can cause skin irritations and rashes. Noise pollution induces hearing loss, high blood pressure, stress and sleep disturbance.
Contamination caused by pollution can have damaging effects in the brain and central nervous system. Studies have shown that brain of animals actually shrink from prolonged exposure to contaminants in the environment.
2006-10-25 21:28:53
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answer #1
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answered by Savez Agir 3
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Give me 6 examples of pollution.
Thermal pollution in cooling water, could have a negative effect on both plant and animal life in the recieving stream.
Air pollution -
Particulate - breathing hazard
Volital Organic hydrocarbons - can contribute to NOx and ozone in the lower atmosphere, breathing problems
Sulfates in coal emmisions - acid rain
Dioxins - cancer agents
Benzene - cancer
In general, pollution has a negative effect on the environment. Either plant and animal life on both land and in the water. The pollution can be a toxin or can affect the food chain of a species. There are also mechanical effects, like ducks eating styrafoam and dieing do to intestenal problems or animals getting caught in the plastic ring tabs on a 6-pack and choaking.
2006-10-25 21:39:52
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answer #2
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answered by Mr Cellophane 6
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Causes diseases in humans
Causes extinction in animals
Makes surfing hazardous (I once got stuck with a needle in the ocean! Oh, that was a scare and a half.)
Makes a place look ugly
Reduces our available food supply (extinction and toxins in animals, like fish, and kills plants, and reduces available farmland)
Air pollution makes outdoor activities hazardous, especially for children and the elderly.
An old Florida Cracker environmentalist once told me that it's not about "tree-hugging" or saving the planet. The planet will go on, regardless of what we do or don't do. The real issue is keeping the planet a fit place for us and the things we love.
"Only when the last tree has died and the last river has been poisoned and the last fish has been caught will we realize that we can't eat money."--Cree proverb
2006-10-26 01:18:40
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answer #3
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answered by GreenEyedLilo 7
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1. Health hazards like asthma
2. Acid rain because of air pollution
3. Danger to aquatic life because of water pollution
4. Ozone depletion
5. Carbon dioxide increase leading to global warming
6. Environmental changes leading to climatic shift-summers are hotter and winters are colder
7. Sound pollution creates problems for sick people who cannot rest
2006-10-25 21:31:19
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answer #4
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answered by techy_crazy 2
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contamination of
(1) water (2) air (3) earth
degradation of
(4) habitat
extinction of
(5) flora (6) fauna
2006-10-25 21:59:09
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answer #5
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answered by trvrrhds 3
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sorry if i put them in a wrong category, but here they are:
-health issue (such as cancer, stress, birth defect)
-environment issue (such as ecologycal damage, lost of animal habitat, extiction)
-social issue (such as disaster:flood, landfall)
-global issue (such as greenhouse effect or global warming, very long time required for decaying plastic waste or nuclear waste and also the place to keep the nuclear waste as it is vulnerable to radiation leak)
-etc.
2006-10-25 22:34:48
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answer #6
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answered by J 3
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global warming, acid rain, extincion and i dont kno what else
2006-10-25 21:27:33
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answer #7
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answered by Allen ESP 2
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one for each sense .
2006-10-25 21:29:51
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answer #8
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answered by martinmm 7
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