What are the factors leading to Poisonous/Non-Poisonous Mushrooms?

Question

Guess what frnds, yesterday ate some mushrooms and an instant question came to my mind.

Mum said it`s not good to pict mushrooms which have sprung out
frm.....Dog`s urine. She told me it`s poisonous!!!

But those sprung out from rain water, are edible.

Is that really true? Can you give me other factors which leads
to poisonous mushrooms coming out from nature??

I`m really interested on it...

Thanks!!!

Answer 1

the difference between poisnous n non poisonous mushrooms is that the one which r light in color r mostly non pois. but the one which r very bright in color r mostly poisnous.
Don't Eat Amanitas

The Amanitas may be among the most beautiful of all mushrooms--but they can be fatal for those who eat them. The Death Cap (top illustration) and the Destroying Angel (second illustration), as well as several other Amanitas, contain amatoxins, which are horrific and deadly poisons (see The Deadliest Toxins for more information).

The whole genus Amanita is to be avoided, regardless of what you may read in (irresponsible) field guides. I have seen "edible" and poisonous Amanitas growing together, imitating each other, and extremely difficult to distinguish. Avoid (eating) any mushroom with a basal bulb and/or a volva (a sac-like covering; see the top illustration), and any mushroom that has wart-like patches--or a single patch--of material on its cap.

Several other species of Amanita contain other poisons, including ibotenic acid and muscimol (Amanita muscaria, Amanita pantherina, Amanita gemmata, and others). These poisons are not always lethal, but they can easily lead to hospitalization.

See the pages on Amanitas for more information.

Don't Eat Little Brown Mushrooms

The mushrooms in the third and fourth illustrations also contain amatoxins, as do some of their close relatives. They are every bit as deadly as the lethal Amanitas.

LBMs ("Little Brown Mushrooms") are very hard to identify, and there are thousands of them. Many of them require a microscope if you want to be sure of identification. Best to leave them alone if you are picking mushrooms for the table!

Galerina marginata (also known as "Galerina autumnalis"), the third illustration, is a small, orange-brown mushroom found growing on logs and sometimes in moss. It can be found in the spring, summer, and fall.

Conocybe filaris, the fourth illustration, is another deadly LBM. It is terrestrial, and comes up in fall and winter.

Other Killers and Potential Killers

Several species of Lepiota contain amatoxins; all of the Lepiotas should be avoided, including the Parasol Mushroom, Macrolepiota procera, until you have years of mushrooming experience under your belt and are very sure of your identification.

The false morels can be fatally poisonous, though it is rare. The poison in false morels is MMH, or monmethylhydrazine (a chemical also found in rocket fuel). Though MMH is not understood completely by scientists, there is no question about whether it is poisonous or not. It appears that MMH may occur in different quantities in different false morels (even members of the same species), that its presence may vary according to geography, that its affect on people may vary between individuals, and that its toxicity may be cumulative (raising the possibility of eating false morels safely for years and then, one day, croaking after one bite). Clearly, MMH is not to be messed with. See the pages on Gyromitras for more information--also the page on False Morel Toxicity.

One frequent cause of mushroom poisoning involves people who move from one part of the world to another, then search for the mushrooms they've always eaten. What they find may look like the mushroom they're used to, but it may not be the same thing! This kind of tragic poisoning sometimes occurs when people move from an area where wild mushrooms are more commonly eaten--like Korea, or Eastern Europe--to the United States and Canada.

The deadliest mushroom poisons, the amatoxins, are responsible for 95 percent of mushroom poisoning deaths in North America (Chang, 2002). Fortunately, amatoxins are present in only a handful of mushrooms, most of which are fairly easily avoided once one learns their distinctive features--and the few that are not as easy to recognize can be avoided by simply not eating "LBM's" (Little Brown Mushrooms). For help recognizing the mushrooms that contain amatoxins, please see Learn the Deadly Mushrooms.

Eating as little as two ounces of an amatoxin-containing mushroom like Amanita phalloides can lead to liver failure and death (Arora, 1986, 893). Typically, symptoms are delayed for 6-12 hours after the mushrooms have been eaten, after which the victim experiences fairly severe abdominal cramping, vomiting, and diarrhea. These symptoms are sometimes severe enough that the victim seeks medical attention--but not always.

The next stage of amatoxin poisoning is particularly insidious, and its existence probably accounts for many of the fatalities: There is a period of apparent remission, in which the victim feels better. This period can last for two to three days, and the victim may well decide that medical attention is no longer required. During this period of false remission, however, the victim's liver is being destroyed by the amatoxins. By the time liver failure occurs, there are few options remaining aside from a liver transplant, as in the article at the top of this page. Without a transplant, death occurs within a few days.

No antidote exists for the amatoxins. If doctors are able to detect the poisons quickly, within a few hours of injestion, measures such as pumping the stomach or administering charcoal may be effective. There is evidence that high doses of penicillin may help to inhibit the absorption of amatoxins in animals, but human results are still unclear (Chang, 2002). Sadly, however, doctors don't often have these options available to them because the patient is typically admitted into treatment after the false remission period, when it is too late.

Given the lethal nature of amatoxins, and the fact that initial symptoms are abdominal cramping, vomiting, and diarrhea, anyone who experiences these symptoms after eating wild mushrooms should take them very seriously. Far better to seek medical attention that turns out to be unnecessary than to miss your one medical chance to keep amatoxins away from your liver. Those who eat wild mushrooms should also remember the false remission period involved with amatoxins; if you have, for example, self-diagnosed a minor mushroom poisoning, you might easily decide you are "better"--then suddenly be faced with the necessity of a liver transplant, and only a few hours to find a liver! In short, see a doctor immediately when you suspect even the possibility of mushroom

Answer 2

Non Poisonous Mushrooms

Answer 3

No! There are no rules of thumb regarding the edibility of all mushrooms. Any you hear saying that..for instance, if they turn silver spoons or coins black, have a cap-skin that tears/doesn't tear, stem breaks cleanly from cap, or anything at all that is supposedly means they are safe to eat...they are wrong.

I've been picking and ID'ing mushrooms for over 35 years and never poisoned myself or anyone else. I have eaten hundreds of wild mushrooms species. I am a consultant for Poison Control up here, meaning if you are poisoned, they'll contact me to ID it. This is a joke I like to tell the naturalist groups that I take out on mushroom-hunting tours. "If I tell you it's safe yet you are poisoned by it, your in real trouble because...."

Answer 4

It is not w hat they grow on that makes mushrooms poisonous. It is their type. Just like other plants certain ones are poisonous and others not. For example, poison ivy and oak can make you break out, and if you are sensitive can even cause anaphylactic shock and kill you. Certain leaves are poisonous if you eat them. Thus the most dangerous mushrooms like amanita muscaria can be deadly.

For a view of poisonous and non-poisonous mushrooms, here is one site

http://mdc.mo.gov/nathis/mushrooms/mushroom/poisonous.htm

Answer 5

In mid August-Sept. mushroom hunting/ picking starts.
For several years my family enjoined our own sprouted mushrooms.

Same time in India we hear lot of cases reported death due to mushroom poisoning.

They are so funny to pick, you have to pull them from the bottom .

My mom used to say not to destroy the seed else next year they wont recurr .

Here in middleast they come out in rains they are truffles Known as FEGAH) in Nov-Dec.

I have seen ppl camping in desert just to collect. They are very expensive and ofcourse delicious.

Answer 6

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Answer 7

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