what is lift that makes an airplane fly and what principle causes it ?

Answer 1

Bernoulli's equation about lift: what happens is that air passes over a wing, and it passes a longer distance of the top than the bottom (the top of the wing is bowed and the bottom is relatively flat). This causes a partial vacuum and that causes LIFT.

The wings SUCK the plane up into the sky because of the partial vacuum on their upper surfaces.

The essential principal is that differential air flow causes partial vacuum and suction.

Answer 2

Most of the responders to this question are not correct. Bernoulli's principle says that the side pressure of a faster-moving fluid is less than that of a slower-moving fluid, and that the curved upper surface of a wing, being longer, causes the airstream to move faster, which is the source of the lower pressure on top of the wing which appears as lift. This is not how airplanes fly; were it so:
- Helicopters could not fly. For technical reasons, helicopters have symmetrical airfoils; the path length is the same on both the top and bottom surfaces.
- The Wright Flyer could not have flown. It has a single-surface wing, and the path length is the same above and below.
- Airplanes could not fly upside down! Which, of course, they can do perfectly well.
This is how it works: the airfoil is sloped with respect to the incoming airstream; the angle of slope is called the angle of attack. Air presses against the bottom of the airfoil, and is scraped away from the top of the airfoil by the leading edge of the wing so that there is less air pressure there. This imparts a downward motion to the air; since momentum is conserved, the reaction is an upward force on the wing (F=ma). This force is called lift. Since the force of air on the wing has a horizontal component as well as a vertical component, the wing is retarded from moving through the air; this force is called drag. (Specifically, induced drag.) It is the function of the engine to supply the forward-operating force to overcome the drag.
This is not to say that Bernoulli has nothing to do with flight: the asymmetrical cross-section of a light aircraft wing does produce some Bernoulli lift. But on my Cessna 172, it is only about ten percent of the total lift. If you are flying upside down, Bernoulli is working against you instead of for you, and you need a slightly higher angle of attack than you would if the wing were symmetrical.
The downward motion of air caused by airplane wings generates a rotary motion of the air called wake turbulence, of which one must be wary when taking off or landing behind another aircraft (especially a large one).

Answer 3

The wings shape is curved on the top and flatter on the bottom, when the wing flies though the air , the air on top of the wing, moves faster and creates lower pressure than the aire that moves across the flatter surface which creates a higher pressure , since high pressure wants to equalize with the low pressure it creates lift as in tries to go to low pressure, Another form of lift is DOWN WASH (helicopters use this alot) as air hits the airfoil depending on the Angle of attack (AOA) air hits the underside of the wing and is directed downwards, wich pushes the airfoil UP. . But for aiplanes in general they have wings that are curved on top and flat on bottom, (except military panes) becaquse they want a more unstable aircraft so the can do ariel dogfight etc (up side down straight up ) and it also helps when you got a engine that can deliver 10- 70000 lbs of thrust, thats way fighter wing are narrow , they don't need a big wing to develop lift , the wings they have do develop lift, but the engines can move the planes through the air that fast that the lift it generates is enough., and thats why airliners have pretty much have a curved top and flatter bottom wing, to generate a lot of lift and still fly realitively fast , and cessnas have a realitively big wing for the plane, because the engine is not as powerful, so the engineers, developed a wing to provide the best performance and stability You can pick the basics up and any local flying school or store that sells aviation books, map etc.

Answer 4

Wkipedia "Bernoulli effect'
As velocity increases static pressure drops. The shape of an airfoil, as you might have noticed , is cambered. The air along the top is forced to travel faster than the air along the bottom. This differential in velocities causes a differrential in pressure and this is what provides the lift.
Other factors such as the shape of the airfoil, density of the air etc also have a factor too
Also the simple angle at which the airfoil hits the air causes a downward reaction of the air. Since every action results in an opposite and equal reaction..the result is something called Newtonian Lift.

Answer 5

Ok...Laymans terms.

The wing is shaped so that the top edge is curved and the bottom edge is flat yes?

The air has to go around the wing

The curved top edge has a greater surface area than the flat bottom edge capiche?

in order for it to go around, the air travelling over the top has to go faster than the air going underneath (nod if you are still with me)

Here is where the magic happens......
The air going over the top travels faster than the air underneath, kind of stretching as it were, making the air thinner and less dense. This creates a pocket of low air pressure above the wing.

If there is lowpressure above the wing, then the pressure below the wing must be higher right???

Low
___________(surface)

High

Ok, with me so far? Good

With the air pressure below the wing higher than the pressure above the wing, the air tries to equalize, thus creating lift. As if the high pressure below pushes up on the wing to fill the void created by the low pressure above.

Ok does that help - I'm kinda drunk!

Answer 6

Airplanes fly attributable to their wings. The wings are lengthy and flat, and they are tilted somewhat upwards—it truly is, the front part (the part that faces forwards into the wind) of the wing is somewhat larger than the rear part. at the same time as a wing is tilted like this, air passing intense of the wing quickens, and air under it slows down. This motives the air to curl downwards because it leaves the rear fringe of the wing. as a outcome, the wing effectively pulls air above it downwards, coming up an invisible swath of air that drifts downwards in the back of the plane after it has exceeded. The wing has to exert substantial stress on the air with the intention to pull it downwards like this. The air is actual truly heavy, so it resists being pulled downwards, and it tries to push the wing upwards rather. attributable to that, the wing is able to fly. It pulls air down, and the air pushes it up. the maths and physics that describe the records of this are complicated, even if it truly is the necessary idea. there are various misconceptions about how airplanes fly, even between some pilots. it really is not a question of stress, or air assembly in the back of the wing, or such issues as that. it really is merely a question of Newton's third regulation of action: at the same time as the wings pull air down, the air pushes the wings up. for each action, there's a reaction. No air shifting down potential no wing going up. yet so long because the wing is tilted somewhat upwards, it really is going to produce raise. the type of the wing isn't needed, both—a wing is mostly extra curved on acceptable to shrink air resistance and strengthen a number of its flying features, even if it would not could be curved to furnish raise. Even a barn door will produce raise in case you push it forwards through the air and tilt it upwards somewhat. attempt protecting a timber board like that in a superb wind, and also you'll sense it attempting to bypass upwards.

Answer 7

Bernoulli's Principle: the curved cross-section shape of the wing creates lower pressure on top of the wing, and higher pressure under the wing, hence providing lift...and up you go!

Answer 8

In short, air pressure directed bottom-up.

Answer 9

wing design . elevators . thrust