why is time relative in universe?

Question

Einstien theory says that time is relative, but 1 s is 1 s, and i hour is 1 hour. Since no one can travel at speed of light, How can time be relative, is it ever proved or its hypothetical innovation of Einstien.

Answer 1

What ever the speed of the observer and whether the source of light is moving toward the observer or away from the observer many astronomical phenomenon and experiments conducted to measure the speed of light revealed that, there is no relative speed for the speed of light.

Irrespective of the relative speed of the observer and source of light, it measured the same as 3x10^8 m/s.

When a star is receding away from the solar system with velocity v, we expect the speed of light to be c - v. But it is measured as c only.

Since speed is distance /time, unless there are changes in the distance and time used for measurement the speed of light , the speed of light cannot be a constant value of c.

Since the light's speed is absolute, it follows that the time and distance are relative.

That is to say, the one who is at rest and one who is in motion have different units of measurements of time and distance. And this is relative and one cannot ask which one is really true.

If a space ship is moving with half the speed of light, we will say that in the space ship
The length one meter has shortened to 0.866 m and the time of one second has shortened to 0.866 s.

Hence the speed of light as measured by us will be 3x10^8 x [1meter / 1 second].
However we will say that in the space ship the man measures the speed of light as
3x10^8 [0.866 meter / 0.866 second] = 3x10^8 m /s.

Since these are relative the man in the space ship will say that he measures the speed of light as 3x10^8 [ 1meter / 1 second] And he will say the man on the earth measures the speed of light as 3x10^8 [0.866 meter / 0.866 second] = 3x10^8 m /s.

It is because for him we are traveling with half the speed of light where as he is at rest according to him.

We believe that time and distance is absolute. With this belief, speed of light must be relative to the speed of the source or observer. It is proved that the speed of light is absolute. The logical conclusion is time and distances are relative.

Answer 2

Is Time Relative

Answer 3

1 second is still 1 second no matter where you are. However, that second is relative to where you are when you compare your second to the seconds in other places. In other words, if you were near the event horizon of a black hole, you would experience 1 second... but on earth (and because there is less gravity) a year could pass on earth during that 1 second. In other words, if you were near a black hole and you could have a camera feed showing you people on earth, you could see years passing by on your monitor in seconds. On the flip side of that, if people on earth had a camera feed showing you near the black hole, they would see you moving really slowly and speaking really slowly. Things don't time travel. Things simply move through the fabric of space and time at different speeds depending on gravity. This also causes distance to be relative as well. The same rules apply to the distance that one measures. If you were near a black hole, you would be further away from everything because space is being compressed all around you at the sub atomic level. I think this is the key to understanding the accelerating expansion of the Universe. The Universe is not accelerating away from us, we are falling inward as the sun approaches periapsis of its brother that went supernova (and is now a black hole) a long time ago. Look into "precession" and the binary model of the solar system. Another phenomenon that we can't explain is the fact that the orbits of distant galaxies are moving faster than they should considering the gravity we can measure. (AND THEY'RE ACCELERATING AS WELL) A couple of astrophysicists from Spain recently suggested that the reason why we measure these faster and accelerating orbits in distant galaxies is because our "time" is slowing down. The only cause of such a phenomenon would be a black hole.... right here... in our own neighborhood.

Answer 4

Time is relative in that your reference frame's time is not more accurate than my reference frame's time. If I move, then the time that I observe is different than the time you observe.

If we have 2 identical watches, and I went in a rocket ship and looked out the window at your watch, I would observe that your watch is moving slower than my watch. That is what it means to be "relative".

This has been tested. They put 2 VERY precise clocks in an airplane and on the ground. They flew the airplane for a while and when they re-synced the clocks, they found the time as measured from the airplane's clock was slightly slower than the time as measured from the ground's clock.

This is also a concept that is used in our world today. For GPS navigation satellites, they must account for time dilation when calculating your position or else they will be inaccurate. (They calculate your position by bouncing EM waves at you and timing how long it takes to get back to each satellite, and from this data they know how far you are from each satellite and can therefore pinpoint your position)

You don't need to travel "at the speed of light" for time dilation to occur. Time dilation occurs at all speeds (except 0) but you just don't notice the effects until you go very fast.(even at 10% the speed of light the dilation factor is < 1%.

Answer 5

gae_bulg is right, except about the gps part. time dilation isn't an issue, and gps doesn't rely on 2-way travel time, the satellites don't know where the receivers are at all.

Time is relative because of inertial frames, and you would be best to look that up on wikipedia or google, because it can't be explained in a paragraph. You need some examples. I believe you might find some good ones on physorg.

Answer 6

One second is not one second to all observers. A simple mind experiment can demonstrate this - although the mathematical proof isn't so simple.

Assume you have a simple clock which consists of two mirrors one meter apart with a photon of light bouncing back and forth. It travels the one meter between the mirrors in 1/c seconds. Two people standing next to each other both agree than 1/c seconds have passed when the photon travels from the top mirror to the bottom mirror.

Next, one person takes the clock into a glass rocket ship and speeds past the second person. The person in the rocket ship sees the photon of light travel straight down and bounce straight back up. Again, it travels the one meter in 1/c seconds.

However, the person on the ground sees the photon travel at a slight angle relative to the mirror -- since the rocket ship has moved forward, the photon will hit the bottom mirror at a point slightly ahead of where it left the top of mirror. In other words it is making a slight zig-zag patern. The distance traveled by the light must be more than one meter - since it is moving at an angle and not straight between the mirrors. After 1/c seconds, to the person on the ground, the photon will not yet have reached the bottom mirror. It takes slighly longer for the photon to reach the bottom mirror.

So, both people see the photon move from the top of the mirror to the bottom. The person in the rock ship says 1/c seconds have gone by, yet the person on the ground says more than 1/c seconds has gone by. Since the speed of light is a constant and both agree that the mirrors are one meter apart... time must be different for the person in the rocket ship than on the ground.

Since light is so quick, you have to be moving extremely quickly in order to notice this "angle". At normal speeds (planes, trains, cars, walking, etc.) you really don't notice the difference. However, atomic clocks can measure time extremely accurately and it has been proven that a clock placed in a jet aircraft will run slightly slower than a stationary one on the ground.

There are also a lot of predictions/explanations when you look at the math and consequences of the equations. For example, objects gain mass as they move faster. This explains why putting twice as much energy into a particle accelerators can't make a proton go twice as fast. It also explains why objects can exceed the speed of light -- eventually their mass goes to near infinity and there isn't enough energy in the universe to make them go faster.

It also leads to the famous being the E=mc² formula which explains fision and fusion along with many parts of atomic theory.

Answer 7

RE:
why is time relative in universe?
Einstien theory says that time is relative, but 1 s is 1 s, and i hour is 1 hour. Since no one can travel at speed of light, How can time be relative, is it ever proved or its hypothetical innovation of Einstien.

Answer 8

time relative universe

Answer 9

What happens to time inside the Hydrogen atom is related to how far the Electron orbital location is from the Nucleus center of mass. You may call it the Electrostatic Time Period that the Electron is subjected to, during one revolution. Hence Time is relative to the Electron radius vector.
As the Electron moves outwardly its period slow down. That means it experiences a time dilation as its Power level decreases.

Gravitational time in the Universe follows the same scenario.
That means that at different Gravity power levels of the radius vector of the Galaxy, Time is subjected to changes.
That being the case,then velocity of a moving star changes at different Gravity Power Levels of the Universe; hence the velocity of Light from Stars changes accordingly.

Einstein's Time dilation equation Basically refers to how time on a clock,appears from an inertial frame of reference.
Hence the Time it takes to receive a Light signal from the clock in order to read it is called the Einstein Time delay (Dilation).

The Einstein Time Dilation equation refers to the changes in time period of oscilation of an inertial moving system only. So the Theory of Special Relativity only Relates to inertial frames of references.
It is not related at all to the gravitational level s(non -inertial frames)of the Universe.Note;According to special relativity theory there are no absolute inertial frames of reference.

Basically in reality,The Time phenomena of the Universe frame of reference are all Gravitational(non-Inertial).
That means that a Gravity Wave would change in velocity at the different radius vectors(Gravity power levels.) of the Universe.Hence the motion velocity of light would follow the same rules.
If a GPS satelite is placed far enough from the Earth's Gravity power level its Time would be a little different from the Earth's time..

Time is basically defined as per Quantron theory as a quantity which indicates how fast a process(Phenomenon)takes place.

Answer 10

Time at high speeds (approaching the speed of light) is slower relative to low/no speed.

Likewise, time in high gravitational fields is slower than time far away from massive bodies.