"The popular story of how penicillin was discovered is well known. The Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming was working on bacteria in the labs of St Mary's Hospital, London. He went away on holiday leaving some agar plates exposed on a lab bench near a windowsill. When he came back he noticed that there were small colonies of mould growing on his plates - and that around the colonies of mould were clear areas where the bacteria which covered the rest of the plate were not growing. Fleming realised that the mould must be making a chemical which killed the bacteria, and so penicillin was discovered."
2007-11-18 11:19:24
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answer #1
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answered by Tami 2
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How Penicillin Was Discovered
2016-12-18 06:58:46
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answer #2
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answered by ? 4
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When Was Penicillin Invented
2016-10-07 07:38:29
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answer #3
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answered by ? 4
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The discovery of penicillin is usually attributed to Scottish scientist Sir Alexander Fleming in 1928, though others had earlier noted the antibacterial effects of Penicillium.
The development of penicillin for use as a medicine is attributed to the Australian Nobel Laureate Howard Walter Florey. In March 2000, doctors of the San Juan de Dios Hospital in San Jose (Costa Rica) published manuscripts belonging to the Costa Rican scientist and medical doctor Clodomiro (Clorito) Picado Twight (1887-1944). The manuscripts explained Picado's experiences between 1915 and 1927 about the inhibitory actions of the fungi of genera Penic. Apparently Clorito Picado had reported his discovery to the Paris Academy of Sciences in Paris, yet did not patent it, even though his investigation had started years before Fleming's.
Fleming, at his laboratory in St. Mary's Hospital (now one of Imperial College's teaching hospitals) in London, noticed a halo of inhibition of bacterial growth around a contaminant blue-green mold Staphylococcus plate culture. Fleming concluded that the mold was releasing a substance that was inhibiting bacterial growth and lysing the bacteria. He grew a pure culture of the mold and discovered that it was a Penicillium mold, now known to be Penicillium notatum. Charles Thom, an American specialist working at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, was the acknowledged expert, and Fleming referred the matter to him. Fleming coined the term "penicillin" to describe the filtrate of a broth culture of the Penicillium mold. Even in these early stages, penicillin was found to be most effective against Gram-positive bacteria, and ineffective against Gram-negative organisms and fungi. He expressed initial optimism that penicillin would be a useful disinfectant, being highly potent with minimal toxicity compared to antiseptics of the day, but particularly noted its laboratory value in the isolation of "Bacillus influenzae" (now Haemophilus influenzae).[1] After further experiments, Fleming was convinced that penicillin could not last long enough in the human body to kill pathogenic bacteria and stopped studying penicillin after 1931, but restarted some clinical trials in 1934 and continued to try to get someone to purify it until 1940. .[2]
2007-11-18 11:18:43
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answer #4
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answered by chooky 3
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The contamination of the pietri dishes by the spores of the fungus mucor penicillum (the one that grows in green patches in stale bread), formed a "halo" around colonies of streptococcus, and Sir Alexander Fleming, deduced that, there was a substance secreted by the contaminating penicillum fungi which he called "penicillin".
That gave birth to the isolation of the substance, and its use for killing bacteriae,,,,,
2007-11-20 23:28:43
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answer #5
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answered by Emilio Antar M 2
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someonei forgot left his bread and got mold
2007-11-18 13:02:00
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answer #6
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answered by Anonymous
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Yes, thank goodness for accidents like this.
2007-11-18 11:15:58
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answer #7
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answered by kim t 7
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it was the bready ,mold
2007-11-18 11:19:35
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answer #8
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answered by Answer Master 2
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