why is the nile valley fertile?

Answer 1

The black loam or soil that is found in the highlands and mountainous areas of Uganda and Ethiopia is essentially volcanic soil so it is extremely high in nutrients and minerals that are usually found only on man made fertilisers. the annual inundation of the Nile rive brought with it a few centimetres of this "black gold" each year.
This is one of the primary reasons why the ancient Egyptian civilisation flourished while other ancient, river dependent agrarian civilisations such as those of Mesopotamia and Sumer eventually failed.
Since the building of the Aswan Dam and Lake Nasser the farmers along the Nile river "green belt' have found there has been a lowering of their crop yields and for the first time in Egypt's 5,000 years of continual farming nutrients and fertilisers are having to be used to maintain quotas of production.
Herodotus was most certainly correct when he said " Egypt is a gift of the Nile", and he could not have possibly foreseen the effects that the necessary building of these huge dams has had on modern Egyptian agriculture.

Answer 2

The reason there is a river is that heavy rains fall on the mountains of Ethiopia and Uganda. This happens at the time when the ice covering the tops of the mountains starts to melt. While the ice is melting and the heavy rain is falling some particles of the mountains fall and travel with the water forming the river basin. Along the Nile river there is dark fertile earth. On both sides of the river if the ground is elevated- the water of the Nile will not go up- you find pure desert.

Answer 3

Because the river used to carry mud full of nutrients from the higher grounds at the South, and it lands finally in the Nile valley and delta..But after Aswan High Dam, this process has finished.

Answer 4

Balsam gave you the scientific answer, i will give you the metaphysical answer.
egypt is the gift of the Nile.
so, the Nile comes to us like Father Christmas, carrying its great gifts which are rich mud and water that enrich our land , and provide us with our needs.
so, the Nile Valley is fertile because the Nile loves us, because we are fortunate.

Answer 5

water