what are the sun's layers in order?

Answer 1

From the center out:

The core, where the proton-proton chain fuses H to He;

The radiative zone, where energy is transferred by radiation;

The convective zone, where energy is transferred by convection;

The photosphere, which is the part of the sun that we see and that gives it its distinct color;

The chromosphere, which is nearly transoarent but has a reddish hue;

The corona, which is nearly transparent and much larger than the sun itself;

The solar wind, which consists of particles blown away from the corona;

and finally the heliopause, which is where the solar wind has been disrupted by gasses in interstellar space. This is at the edge of the solar system, so in a sense we are inside the sun!

Sunspots are dark spots on the photosphere.
Flares and prominences erupt from the photosphere, pierce the chromosphere, and penetrate into the corona.

Answer 2

Core
Solar Envelope
Photosphere
Chromosphere
Sunspots
Corona
Solar Flares
Prominences
Solar Wind