what if the two sperm cells in flowering plants get reversed and fertilize opposite nuclei?

Question

what are the implications of maternal inheritence of mitocondria and chloroplast?

Answer 1

I'm not sure exactly what your're asking here. If you mean sperm (rather than germ) cells, there won't necessarily be any effect in maternal inheritence.

Think of it this way. Mom donates an egg with the allele "a". Dad is heterozygous (Aa) so he can donate either an "A" or an "a". No matter which he donates, the contribution from the female parent stays the same. And intracellular material generally comes from the mother, since the female gamete is larger than that of the male, which is so small, it generally just contains the genetic material needed for fertilization.

The only "contribution" dad will make in the example above is to the phenotype. Since his is the dominant allele (A), the characteristic will be dominant over (or at least co-dominant with) with the characteristic shown by the mother for that trait.