Help with Phonetics (linguistics)?

Question

i need to write the place of articulation for these sounds and some of these symbols are really weird.
[s] : [θ]
[k] :[g]
[w]: [j]
[f]: [ʃ]
[l]: [t]
[ð]: [v]
[ʧ]: [s]
[m]: [ŋ]
[r]: [w]
[ʧ]: [ʤ]
[h]: [Ɂ]
[z]: [ʤ]

Another problem im having is by considering the phones [h] and [Ɂ] i need to determine whether they contrast, or
whether they are allophones of one phoneme.
a). kahon ‘box’ d). Ɂari ‘property’
b). hariɁ ‘king’ e). kaɁon ‘to fetch’
c). Ɂumagos ‘to flow’ f). humagos ‘to paint’
I wasn't even taught this and I'm expected to learn this myself. Can someone please explain if they can and give me the solutions to these so that I can practice? Any help is appreciated. Thanks!

Answer 1

The first question: if you simply go to Wikipedia and find an article containing a full IPA table (like http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA ) then you'll see all those symbols and clearly see their places of articulation.

The second question: those 2 are certainly contrastive in that language (they are two different phonemes). The words you wrote contain at least 2 minimal pairs ("property" and "king" are not really minimal pairs). Basically, if you can find 2 words differing ONLY in one phonological feature then those two variations of the feature are phonologically contrastive.

Eg since "big" and "pig" mean 2 different things in English, this means that b and p are different phonemes in English. Since the noun "CONtrast" means something different from the verb "conTRAST" this means that stress is contrastive in English. However, you won't find any minimal pairs involving aspiration in English, since consonant aspiration is not contrastive in English.

Answer 2

The previous answer is very good. I recommend that you get a good introduction to linguistics textbook and study the phonetics/phonology chapter. That should give you the ability to do both of these questions.