why do temperatures change in different places?

Answer 1

The Temperature changes in different places because it can't be the same everywhere.

Answer 2

The temperature change in different places is due to the unequal heating of the places by the solar radiation.This unequall heating is due to the following factors.
Latitude,altitude,land and sea distribution,slope of the ground,nature of the soil,presence of snow or ice covering(particularly over poles) and prevailing winds.

Answer 3

On a Global scale: differential heating caused by Earth's tilt, seasons, curvature of Earth, albedo, depth of atmosphere sun's energy has to travel through, airmasses and their modification, etc.
On a local scale: Location (towns warmer than rural areas, valleys colder than hill tops on still nights), sky view (good sky view allows warming by day, but nights get colder), cloud cover, weather preceding today (i.e. cold temperatures for several days is difficult to warm out), wind strength and direction, underlying soil type, etc.
In all cases, heat will flow from warmer spots to colder spots. High pressure is associated with light winds and mainly dry weather than can be warm by day but cold by night. Low pressure areas are associated with windy and often cloudy weather, with rain/snow possible in season.