You probably know that the title of Achebe's novel is itself an allusion - to W.B. Yeats' poem, "The Second Coming:"
"URNING and turning in the widening gyre
The falcon cannot hear the falconer;
Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold;
Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world,
The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere
The ceremony of innocence is drowned;
The best lack all conviction, while the worst
Are full of passionate intensity.
Surely some revelation is at hand;
Surely the Second Coming is at hand.
The Second Coming! Hardly are those words out
When a vast image out of Spiritus Mundi
Troubles my sight: somewhere in sands of the desert
A shape with lion body and the head of a man,
A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun,
Is moving its slow thighs, while all about it
Reel shadows of the indignant desert birds.
The darkness drops again; but now I know
That twenty centuries of stony sleep
Were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle,
And what rough beast, its hour come round at last,
Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born"
Here's a reference from TV - see first link
"The West Wing"
and "The Sopranos"
"Things Fall Apart
On ''The Sopranos,'' AJ tries to commit suicide, and Meadow nearly becomes collateral damage in Tony's battle with Phil
"Implausible? Should we blame AJ's suddenly blossoming thirst for knowledge instead? College has made him painfully aware that the world is a profoundly unfair place, from the Israeli-Palestinian conflict to the pounding his junior-Mafia frat-boy pals inflicted last week on that hapless Somali bicyclist. College also introduced him to Yeats' famously ominous and apocalyptic poem ''The Second Coming'' (which gave this episode its title). As Carm said, what vulnerable kid wouldn't get depressed reading that? Still, Meadow had a similar educational awakening when she was an undergraduate and responded with volunteerism and social activism, not by shutting down."
As for Dr, Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, well, the movie "The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen comes to mind, It's on this list of allusionsa to that book:
1956
Johns, Veronica Parker (1956). ‘Mr Hyde-de-Ho’. Ellery Queen’s Awards: 11th Series, ed. Ellery Queen [pseud.]. New York: Simon & Schuster.
[G C.3]
1956
Maurice Limat [1914-2002]; transl. By L.M. de Waas (1965). De vrouwelijke Jekyll. Antwerp: Uitgeverij " Libra ". [original title: Le masque de chair]
1962
Russell, Ray (1962). ‘Sagittarius’. Playboy, March 1962
[reprinted in Ray Russell, Sagittarius, collected short fiction, 1971; ghastly gothic adventures of the son of Hyde]
1963
Rackham, John [John Phillifent] (1963). ‘Dr Jeckers and Mr Hyde’. Amazing Stories, Fact and Science Fiction 37 No.8 (Aug. 1963): 68-83.
[G C.4; ‘A science fiction story about cloning’ (Miller p. 54, who mistakenly has ‘1973’); the back cover of the magazine illustrates this story]
1968
Jekyll-Hyde Heroes. DC Comics World's Finest Comics, February 1968.
[Comic book story. “A potion gives Batman and Superman split personalities, Batman turns into his old foe Two-Face while Superman becomes the super-fiend Kralik.”]
1971
Berger, Thomas (1971). ‘Professor Hyde’. The Fully Automated Love Life of Henry Keanridge and 12 other Stories. Chicago: Playboy Press
[G C.5; ‘In a modern transformation story set in the United States, college professor Henry Hyde transforms into the garbage man Scallopini in order to escape his own family and seduce the wife of a colleague. The story ends when Henry’s son, Leonard, is transformed and approaches his father in murderous rage’, Miller pp. 53-4 ]
1971
Ross, Marilyn (1971). Barnabas, Quentin and Dr. Jekyll’s Son. New York: Coronet Communications (Paperback Library Gothic, 27).
[Set in 1908, Jekyll’s son, only a minor character, is one suspect in a series of murders. Dark Shadows (1966), by Marilyn Ross (one of over twenty-pseudonyms used by Canadian author Dan Ross) is the first of a series of 33 Gothic novels, many of them featuring a vampire, Barnabas Collins.]
1974
Sontag, Susan (1974). ‘Doctor Jekyll’. Partisan Review 41iv: 539-552, 586-603. Also in: Sontag, Susan (1978). I, Etcetera. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, pp. 187-203.
[‘A story set in contemporary new York City and suburbs, which reinstates Stevenson’s lack of definition and limitation, leaving the relationship between Jekyll and Hyde unexplained, psychically connecting Jekyll, Hyde and Utterson, and describing the crimes that Hyde urges Jekyll to commit as merely “violence” ’ (Miller 55).
‘ “Doctor Jekyll,” a brilliant retelling of the Robert Louis Stevenson novella, is set mostly in contemporary New York and the Hamptons. Sontag loved Stevenson and does radical justice to his story by casting Jekyll and Hyde as separate individuals, the better to identify them, later on, as aspects of the same person. We first encounter them together in Manhattan. Hyde has arranged a meeting at the North Tower of the World Trade Center on a windswept Sunday in July. He chooses the WTC because it is “out of everyone’s way.” In this weekend wilderness, the two cross only for a few seconds: Hyde is unaccountably anxious and doesn’t want to talk. Jekyll wanders into a deserted cafe across the street and watches with interest as his breathless double keeps rounding the corner every few minutes like a hamster in a cage.
Strictly speaking, this vivid, sinister series of images has nothing to do with Sontag’s writings on 9/11. Even so, as you go back over her work you’re startled by the curious afterlife it has acquired. Thirty years on, it’s as if her Jekyll and Hyde had colonized a small patch of debris at the edge of Ground Zero and looked on impartially as the dust thickened and drifted across the world. Sontag liked the Jekyll and Hyde story because she understood the dangerous liaison between vice and virtue.’
Jeremy Harding ‘The Restless Mind’ [review of At The Same Time: Essays and Speeches by Susan Sontag]. Nation, 284.xii (3/26/2007): 31-36.]
1975
Feinstein, Albert B. (1975). Dr Jekyll and Mr Mad. New York: Warner Paperback Library
[G B.7; this is a Mad Magazine paperback; Geduld lists with William B. Gaines (the original publisher of Mad Magazine) as the author.; this is probably a comic book parody in the typical absurd, lampoon style of the magazine]
1979
Savater, Fernando (1979). Criaturas de aire. Barcelona: Destino
[monologues of literary characters by this Spanish philosopher; Sherlock Holmes, Peter Pan, the Invisible Man and IX: ‘Habla Mr Hyde’; a theatrical version of this (Mr. Hyde en boca del Dr. Jekyll) was performed in Mexico in 1996 written and directed by Luis Eduardo Reyes]
1979
Estleman, Loren D. (1979). Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Holmes. New York: Doubleday
[presented as if by John H. Watson and edited by Loren D. Estleman]
1982
Reouvain, René (1982). Elémentaire, mon cher Holmes. Paris: Denoël (Sueurs Froides).
[Originally under the pseudonym of "Albert Davidson"; not a retelling of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde but a narrative in which Stevenson, the writing of Jekyll and Hyde and the manuscript of the first version of the story are embedded in a brilliant Sherlock Holmes pastiche. This entry has therefore also been placed on the ‘RLS in Fiction’ page. The ‘Prologue (1885)’ (14 pp) tells the story of the writing of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde as a fictional narrative with dialogues; the rest of the novel is an ingenious Holmsian pastiche of embedded narratives linking together historical characters (famous murderers, Conan Doyle, Doyle’s secretary, Dr Joseph Bell) by means of a transmitted text: the terrible first version of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, which we learn was not burnt after all. We also learn that Jack the Ripper was…]
1983
Geare, Michael & Michael Corby (1983). Dracula’s Diary. ***: Beaufort Books.
[Dracula is 18 years old when he is sent to England by his Uncle Vlad in the 1870s or 1880s; the events of his arrival on the Demeter are shifted to several years later; Bulldog Drummond appears; Popeye the Sailor Man is mentioned; Watson and Holmes appear; also Dr. Jekyll appears and transforms into Hyde, placing the story in the mid 1880s.]
1983
Scott, Jeremy [Kay Dick [1915-2001]) (1983). Doctor Jekyll and Miss Hyde. London: W.H. Allen.
[Erotic pulp fiction.]
1987
Sanford, John A. (1987). The Strange Trial of Mr. Hyde: A New Look at the Nature of Human Evil. San Francisco: Harper & Row.
[John Sanford is a Jungian analyst and Episcopalian priest. He addresses the questions of psychological guilt and responsibility in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde..]
1988
Thomas, Donald (1988). Jekyll, Alias Hyde. A Variation. London/New York: Macmillan/St. Martin’s Press.
[detective story version]
1989
Kessel, John (1989). ‘Mr Hyde Visits the Home of Dr Jekyll’. Aboriginal SF March/April 1989. Reprinted in Kessel, John. The Pure Product. New York: Tor/Tom Doherty Associates, 1997.
[Poem; ‘…His face is scarred by virtue. / Mine is not. / He dreams of me / And prays for deliverance. / But that is only envy / Of my peculiar beauty, / Which he fears / And calls by another name.]
1989
Tennant, Emma (1989). Two Women of London. The Strange Case of Ms Jekyll and Mrs Hyde. London: Faber and Faber.
[‘Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde are transformed into the figures of Ms Jekyll and Mrs Hyde’ and the setting is transposed to Britain in the Thatcher period. The educated and spoilt Eliza Jekyll becomes Mrs Hyde, and the latter, through drugs, transforms to a more desirable self and into the art-gallery manageress Eliza. Tennant ‘makes her protagonist a very human Hyde, a victim herself whose deed is an act of self-defence… an act of freeing herself from oppressive circumstances and threats which surround her as they do all women’. Responsibility is shifted ‘to society at large and to its male members in particular.’ The complex narrative pattern is ‘a modern equivalent of Stevenson’s technique’ (Ganner: 196-7)]
1989
Windig, René & Eddie de Jong (1989). Dr. Jekyll and mr. Heinz. Amsterdam: Gezellig en Leuk. Repr. 2001, Amsterdam : Oog & Blik [a children’s strip cartoon]
1989
Michele Serra (1989). ‘Jekyll’. In Il nuovo che avanza. Milano: Feltrinelli. 53-65.
[Grotesque tale (reminiscent of those in Dahl’s Kiss Kiss) in which Stevenson’s social criticism is redirected at the superficiality of the beautiful, well-manicured existence of a modern fashionable plastic surgeon who takes a potion to become a modern monster: fat, ugly and misshaped.]
1990
Bloch, Robert & André Norton (1990). The Jekyll Legacy. New York: Tor Horror/Tom Doherty Associates
[Writer Hester Lane arrives in London from Canada; Inspector Newcomen continues his search for the missing Henry Jekyll; Hester discovers that she is Jekyll’s sister…; criticizes male-dominated society (Miller p. 39)]
1990
Martin, Valerie (1990). Mary Reilly. New York/London: Doubleday/Black Swan.
[the narrative centre is moved to a minor character, a maid only mentioned in passing in Stevenson’s text. The story is also expanded by the narration of scenes ‘offstage’ in the original and by ‘adding to Dr Jekyll’s story that of his maidservant’s childhood and youth as well as her role within the Jekyll household. She becomes a mirror to Jekyll’s innermost desires… Mary gets drawn into his double life with a strange mixture of horror and fascination, which in psycho-analytical terms links up with her childhood experiences as an abused child with an alcoholic father in a world of poverty’ (Ganner: 195). ‘The author’s interest lies in the woman rather than in Dr Jekyll, the centre of attention for the maid. It is a feminist’s curiosity in the reactions of the passive young woman to a socially superior and attractive master in a situation of economic dependency’ (Ganner: 196)]
1992
Newman, Kim (1992). Anno Dracula. London: Simon & Schuster (New York: Avon Books).
[et in 1880; characters include Jekyll and Hyde, Sherlock Holmes etc. etc. - for a list of fictional characters reappearing in this and others in the series, see http://www.pjfarmer.com/woldnewton/Dimensions.htm]
1994
Kate McMullan, Paul Van Munching; Paul Van Munching & Glenn Dean (Illustrators) (1994) . Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. New York: Random House Trade (Bullseye Chillers)
[children’s version]
1995
Grant, John; Harvey Parker & Ron Tiner (Illustrators) (1995). Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. London/?New York: Usborne Publishing Ltd. (The Usborne Librabry of Fantasy and Adventure / E.D.C. Publishing (Library of Fear and Fantasy Series)
[retelling for children with added material, changes in point-of-view etc.]
1995
Newman, Kim (1995). Dracula Cha Cha Cha. London: Pocket Books (aka: Judgment of Tears: Anno Dracula 1959. New York: Avon Books).
[et in 1959, third in the series; includes Jekyll and Hyde, James Bond etc. etc. (The Second in the series The Bloody Red Baron (1995), set in 1918, apparently doesn’t include Jekyll and Hyde)]
1995
Knight, Amarantha (1995). The Darker Passions: Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. New York: Masquerade.
[your intrepid site-editor (somebody had to do it...) read enough to understand that this is sado-masochistic pornographic retelling; the same writer (one suspects it is a pseudonym) has produced The Darker Passions: Dracula]
1996
Johnson, Robert & Joanne L. Mattern (1996). The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde. ***: HarperPrism (0061064149)
[An adventure of Wishbone, the dog detective; see also under 1998]
1996
Swindells, Robert (1996). Jacqueline Hyde. London: Doubleday UK, £9.99 (hc). Reissued 1997, London: Corgi Yearling (pb) (ISBN: 0440863295).
[Young teenager thriller/dark fantasy novel, the Stevenson story transposed into contemporary Britain with the principle character replaced by a female character.
“When 11-year-old Jacqueline discovers a curious bottle of liquid in her granny's attic, she develops a dual personality. It's fun at first. Exciting. But then Jacqueline Bad gets into serious trouble, and although she keeps trying to be her old self, the bad side just won't let go.”
This will be frightening especially to adult readers trying to understand the thoughts and behaviour of antisocial brats; it might also appeal those interested in ‘Estuary English’, as it is a first-person monologue by JH herself (vaguely corresponding to Ch 10 of Stevenson’s novella). The protagonist has three nightmares: a dream of the trampling incident (“I knock her over and start trampling her”, Ch 7); a version of the Carew murder (Ch 16); and a nightmare of being somewhere inside and searching in a cabinet for a bottle while people outside try to break in (Ch 26). Then she reads Stevenson’s story (Ch 41; “this doctor’s a really good guy. Everybody respects him, you know? He’s like a pillar of society, right?”). Later (Ch 47) there’s the suggestion that her grandmother’s house had belonged to a doctor on which Stevenson may have based his story.
‘It seems to be a didactic story, a warning against glue-sniffing and drug-taking. At the same time it is a gripping first-person account of a juvenile psychiatric patient. Finally, Swindells adds to all this the girl’s literary speculations, which are actually a mini-introduction to what fiction is all about.. What is noteworthy about [the novel], however, is the fact that the figure of this young girl Hyde is also a complex creation and pushed beyond the simple moral judgment of good and bad’ (Ganner: 198)]
1997
Greenburg, Dan, Jack E. Davis (Illustrator) (1997). Dr. Jekyll, Orthodontist (Zack Files). ***: Putnam Publishing Group (0448413388). Publ. in UK as The Zack Files 5: Dr Jekyll, My Dentist. London: Macmillan Children’s Books (033035356X).
[Dr Jekyll as brand name for crazy scientist who takes transforming drug: "There’s something strange about Zack’s new dentist. It could be his eyes, which go red and scary when he’s cross. It could be the fact that his patient’s teeth seem to get worse, not better - and what is the strange liquid that he calls mouthwash?"]
1997
Thompson, Brian M. (1997). ‘The Mouse and the Master’. In Resnick, Mike (ed.) Sherlock Holmes in Orbit. ***/London: Communications/MJF Books.
[Malcolm “the Mouse” Chandler investigates séances that Watson attends for Sherlock Holmes. Chandler attends a séance with Count Dracula, Alice (from Wonderland), Henry Jekyll, Dorian Gray and Phileas Fogg.]
1998
Naugrette, Jean-Pierre (1998). Le crime étrange de Mr Hyde. Paris: Actes Sud/Babel. ISBN 2-7427-1796-X.
[detective story version, pastiche/homage to Victorian literature by a Stevenson scholar; organized in 10 chapters like JH, the first nine a first person narrative (by Hyde addressed to Utterson), the last a third person narrative (so reversing S’s structure); Hyde alternates between referring to himself in the first and the third person; the game of allusions and quotations includes Dickens, Wilkie Collins, Conan Doyle and T.S. Eliot, though undoubtedly there are many others. Japanese translation in 2003, Tokyo: Tokyo Sogensha. ISBN4 488 25902 2.]
1998
Nancy Butcher, Alexander Steele, Jane McCreary (Illustrator) (1998). Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Dog (Adventure of Wishbone, No 14). New York: Big Red Chair Books (1570643881)
[dog detective called Wishbone. “Joe Talbot's neighbor, Wanda Gilmore, meets the man of her dreams. But Joe, Ellen Talbot, and Wishbone are puzzled by the change in Wanda's personality--she's just not herself. Wanda invites the Talbots to attend her mystery man's amateur-talent-night show, and everyone is in for a hair-raising surprise! This intrigue reminds Wishbone of the book Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, by Robert Louis Stevenson. Wishbone imagines himself as John Utterson, a lawyer who follows the trail of a strange and evil man who is terrorizing 19th century London. As Utterson unravels this mystery, he will face dark secrets, witness a frightening scientific experiment gone wrong, and have a fur-raising encounter with a monster!” See also 1996]
1999
Newman, Kim (1999). ‘Further Developments in the Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde’. In Maxim Jubowski (ed.) (1999). Chronicles of Crime: The Second Ellis Peters Memorial Anthology of Historical Crime. London: Headline. Reprinted in Kim Newman (2000). Unforgivable Stories. London: Pocket Books, pp. 11-51.
[Utterson and Enfield return to Jekyll’s abandoned house and find ‘Henry Jekyll’s Further Statement of the Case’ in which all is explained: his relationship with Hyde (who is a separate person) and the reason for Lanyon’s resentment and final shocked reaction.]
1999
Stine, R.L. (1999). Jekyll & Heidi. New York: Scholastic (Goosebumps series) (0439011833)
[children’s version; "As Uncle Jekyll staggered into the house his white hair shot out wildly from his head as if he had received an electric shock. I didn’t want him to see me nor know where he’d been. I especially didn’t want to know what he’d done"]
1999
(6-issue magazine version), 2000 (book-form) Moore, Alan & Kevin O’Neill (art) (2000). The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen. New York/London: DC Comics/Titan Books.
[Comic book (some superb artwork); the mysterious forces of Fu Manchu threaten the British Empire - the authorities enlist "heroes" from classic literature of the time: Captain Nemo, Allan Quatermain, Dr Henry Jekyll and Edward Hyde, and the Invisible Man. Hyde, a cross between King Kong and the Incredible Hulk and, at about 12 feet tall, much bigger than Jekyll, usually transforms in time to save the day. Among the pastiche graphic material in the back, a "cigarette card" of Hyde trampling the girl, but little else closely connected to Stevenson’s text. ]
c 2000
Salling, Aage & Erik Hvid (eds.); Robert Dewsnap (revisions); Kim Broström (ill.); Gunnar Breiding (map). Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Copenhagen etc.: Aschehoug etc. (Easy Readers).
2001
Lefort, Luc (adapt. de); Ludovic Debeurme (ill.) (2001). L'Etrange cas du Dr Jekyll et de M. Hyde. Paris: Albums Nathan. ISBN: 209210097-1 [“A free adaptation of the text, with superb, eerie illustrations” (Jean-Pierre Naugrette). The text is a rewriting, not without art, that smoothes out the roughness of Stevenson’s text and makes it more of a classic detective story, underlining the suspense and adding those small details, observations of behaviour and touches of ‘atmosphere’ that contribute to the attractions of the genre.]
2001
D’Ardesio, Fernando (2001). Double Folly. Dr. Jekyll and Mrs. Hyde. London: Minerva Press.
[Not a retelling of JH: a postmodern narrative about a professional man in his fifties who has an affair with Myra, who turns out to be deceptive and degrading, but with whom the narrator becomes nevertheless obsessed, though this leads to being ostracised by society. There appear to be no characters with the name Jekyll or Hyde and the narrative does not mirror that of Stevenson’s. The title would seem to seem to be only one of the many intertextual references of the text.]
2002
Jerry Kramsky [Fabrizio Ostani] (script), Lorenzo Mattotti (art); (2002). Dr Jekyll et Mr Hyde. Paris : Casterman. ISBN 2203389885 / Torino: Einaudi / Amsterdam: Oog & Blik.
[a free reworking of the story as a ‘graphic novel’ (starting with the trampling episode, it then moves to ‘the last night’ and then basically Jekyll’s ‘full statement’), with additional acts of sadism – but all very stylised and suggested rather than shown. The colours and tones have an almost musical sequencing about them. One interesting sequence on p. 10-11 is where Utterson, seated and talking with Poole, becomes Jekyll and begins the main ‘full statement’. The (originally Italian) text makes much use of Stevenson’s words, together with additional words and episodes, which however are all interesting re-elaborations and interpretations. There are female characters, but no fiancée and postponed marriage (as in Sullivan and various film versions); Jekyll is a rather ill-looking man of late middle age (often associated with a pale green colour).]
2002
Naugrette, Jean-Pierre (2002). Les hommes de cire. Castelnau-le-Lez : Climats (ISBN 2 84158 196 9).
[A narrative sharing affinities with Calvino, Borges and the graphic work of Escher, which borrows and elaborates themes and phrases from numerous sources including Stevenson’s Jekyll and Hyde.]
2003
Pettus, Jason (2003). The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Reimagined for Modern Times. E-book at http://www.jasonpettus.com/ebooks/jekyll.htm.
[A rewriting (often paragraph-for-paragraph, dialogue-line by dialogue-line) with a modern N. American setting and in contemporary language; ‘Victorian-age London has been turned into a sleepy midwestern college town; Dr. Jekyll has become an obsessive medical student, kicked out of his university labs because of his toxic experiments in anti-psychotic medication; Mr. Hyde, a rave kid gone horribly, horribly wrong. Utterson, the main narrator of the original story, has become a jogging-obsessed tight-lipped law student in my version of the story; and Poole, Jekyll’s butler in the original version, retains his "comic relief" duties but is now Jekyll’s surfer pothead roommate’ (Jason Pettus)]
2004
Vandelli, Luciano (2004). Il dottor Jekyll e mister Holmes. Milano: Boldoni Castoldi Dalai.
[The first novel of a professor of administrative law at Bologna University. Watson tells the story of Homes’s rational investigation of the strange and fantastic Hyde case.]
2006
Naugrette, Jean-Pierre (2006). Les Variations Enigma. Rennes: Terre de Brumes. ISBN 2 84362 290 5.
[A meta-literary fantasy, following Le crime étrange de Mr Hyde (1998) and Les hommes de cire (2002). Hyde is the first-person narrator of three of the chapters and we learn that Sherlock Holmes went to school with the future Dr Jekyll. Other allusions and imitations come from Wilde, Hitchcock, and Borges within the framework of a detective story constantly undermined by fantasy and metatextual playfulness. Houses are fantastic labyrinths that not only contain symmetrical structures but are doubled by elaborate doll’s houses (which one of the characters collects); similarly, the characters (as in Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde) are frequently doubled by others yet also equivalents of each other.]
Things Fall Apart
2007-09-28 12:03:29
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answer #1
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answered by johnslat 7
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