How powerful are the worlds most powerful sattelites? and a couple specific questions?

Question

Can they detect heat from space satellites or does the atmosphere block specific heat signals like lifeforms?

If my satellite TV goes off during a storm does that mean the worlds most powerful satellites can also not see through?

How large would a storm have to be for satellites to be blocked?

Is it true that satellites can zoom in visually so far they can read the date of a penny on the road?

Since places like NASA have to launch all the satellites is there a listing of everyone who owns a satellite and of what type it is, or what it is used for?

Answer 1

Satellites are not powerful. You are using science fiction movie talk that has no meaning in real life.

Many different frequencies of light and radio waves are used by different satellites for different purposes. The frequencies used by direct TV satellites can be blocked by rain. Infrared light (heat) can be blocked by water vapor. That is how weather satellites can see where the water vapor is in the atmosphere; because in infrared light water vapor looks like opaque clouds.

There are lists of satellites maintained for purposes of making sure they don't run into each other.

Answer 2

I don't understand what you mean by "powerful" in the context of "powerful satellites." Heat, radio waves, and light are all different parts of the energy spectrum and are blocked or passed by the atmosphere in different ways. I doubt if any satellite has the resolution to read the date on a penny from hundreds of miles up. NORAD tracks all satellites, and the list is available here:
http://celestrak.com/

Answer 3

for the question: How large would a storm have to be for satellites to be blocked?

the answer is, satellites are in outer space...they wouldnt be blocked by any activity in our planet...is that what you mean?