Nichrome is a brand name for a nickel-chromium resistance wire, a non-magnetic alloy of nickel and chromium. A common alloy is 80% nickel and 20% chromium, but there are many others to accommodate various applications. It is silvery-grey in colour, is corrosion resistant, and has a high melting point of about 1400 °C. Due to its relatively high resistivity and resistance to oxidation at high temperatures, it is widely used in heating elements, such as in hair dryers, electric ovens and toasters. Typically, Nichrome is wound in wire coils to a certain electrical resistance, and current passed through to produce heat.
A heating element converts electricity into heat through the process of Joule heating. Electrical current running through the element encounters resistance, resulting in heating of the element.
Heating Elements:
Most heating elements use Nichrome wire or ribbon as the conductor. Nichrome is an ideal material as it is inexpensive, has relatively high resistance, and does not break down or oxidize in air in its useful temperature range.
There are four kinds of commercial heating elements:
Bare Nichrome wire or ribbon: Either straight or coiled, usually found in toasters and hair dryers.
Calrod (sealed element): a fine coil of Nichrome wire in a ceramic binder, sealed inside a tough metal shell. These can be a straight rod (as in toaster ovens) or curved to fit in a smaller space (such as in electric stoves, ovens, and coffee makers).
Heat lamp: a high-powered incandescent lamp usually run at less than maximum power to radiate mostly infrared instead of visible light. These are usually found in radiant space heaters and food warmers, taking either a long, tubular form or an R40 reflector-lamp form. The reflector lamp style is often tinted red to minimize the visible light produced; the tubular form is always clear.
PTC ceramic: This material is named for its Positive Thermal Coefficient of resistivity. Most ceramics have a negative coefficient; most metals, a positive one. While metals do become slightly more resistive at higher temperatures, this class of ceramics (often barium titanate and lead titanate composites) has a highly nonlinear thermal response, so that it becomes extremely resistive above a composition-dependent threshold temperature. This behavior causes the material to act as its own thermostat, since current passes when it is cool, and does not when it is hot. Thin films of this material are used in automotive rear-window defrost heaters, and honeycomb-shaped elements are used in more expensive hair dryers and space heaters.
Heating elements for high-temperature furnaces are often made of exotic materials, including platinum, molybdenum disilicide, and silicon carbide. Silicon carbide igniters are common in gas ovens.
2007-09-16 02:42:27
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answer #1
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answered by Thomas C 6
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Ressistance helps in maintaining the current through the conductor for a long time.
toaster-A thick ressistance wire is used which gets heated while toasting.
Light Bulbs-Ressistance wire produces the light in the light bulbs (i am talking about incandesant lamps).
2007-09-15 23:26:32
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answer #3
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answered by Anonymous
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dryers, hair, clothes.
heat guns
wood burning tools
curling irons
2007-09-15 22:33:53
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answer #4
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answered by getrdone 5
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