What's the difference...?

Question

between "tenga" and "tienes"?

and can someone give me a few sentences using "es",then "esta",because I don't understand cuando usar cual...

Answer 1

"Tenga" is the third person singular present subjunctive of "tener" ... but perhaps you meant "tengas", which is the second person singular of the present subjunctive.

"Tienes" is the second person singular indicative of "tener".

Tienes los ojos amarillos - you have yellow eyes
No obstante tengas los ojos amarillos, eres hermosa -
In spite of the fact that you have yellow eyes, you are pretty.

"Este / esta" means "this [here near me]";
"Ese / esa" means "that [there near you]"

Prefiero este diccionario - I prefer this dictionary
Dame eso diccionario! - Hand me over that dictionary!

But I think perhaps you're after the difference between "estás" (the second person singular present indicative of estar) and eres (the second person singular present indicative of ser). Here goes ...

Cómo eres más bella! - How extraordinarily beautiful you are! (in the sense that you're a beautiful woman, which is something that doesn't change from one day to the next)

Cómo estás hermosa con ese vestido rojo! - How pretty you look in that red dress! (it's a temporary state - the prettiness being referred to is the additional allure coming from the red dress)

Eres casada? - Are you married? (that isn't something that changes from one day to the next - not normally anyway)

Estás malado? - Are you sick? (temporary state)

That's basically it - ser is used for permanent or inherent states of being; estar is used for temporary states of being.

Answer 2

"tenga" is subjunctive - "tienes" is simple present.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive#The_subjunctive_in_Spanish

The differences between ser and estar are considered to be one of the most difficult concepts to nonnative speakers. Both ser and estar translate into English as "to be" but they both express different ideas. These differences may be generalized so that ser expresses nature and estar expresses state.

Ser generally focuses on the essence of the subject but more specifically may be thought of in several ways including:

Nationality
Time and date
Possession
Occupation
Physical and personality traits
Estar generally focuses on the condition of the subject but more specifically may be thought of in several ways including:

Physical condition
Feelings and emotions
Location
Appearance
In English the sentence "The boy is bored" uses a different adjective than "The boy is boring". In Spanish the difference is made by the choice of ser vs. estar.

El chico es aburrido uses ser to mean a permanent trait or "The boy is boring"
El chico está aburrido uses estar to mean a conditional trait or "The boy is bored"
The same strategy is used to mean permanent or conditional trait of any adjective, vg.:

María es guapa uses ser to mean a permanent trait or "María is beautiful" (she was beautiful yesterday, and will be tomorrow)
María está guapa uses estar to mean a conditional trait or "María looks beautiful" (today, but it doesn't mean she is beautiful)
See Romance copula for further information.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_verbs#Contrasting_Ser_and_Estar