The Cycle of Heat?

Question

Heat Thermal Equilibrium Temperature Thermal Energy Kinetic Energy "Hot" what is the connection of those word and describe those connetions

Answer 1

All right. I hope I'm breaking these up properly... I'm not quite sure about your formatting there.

Kinetic energy is energy that is bound up in motion. It takes energy to make something move, and that energy is turned into kinetic energy. An object will keep moving unless that kinetic energy is transferred or transformed into something else.

In any substance not at abolute zero, individual atoms and molecules will be moving around. Those individual atoms and molecules thus each have an amount of kinetic energy.

Temperature can be thought of as an expression of average kinetic energy of these molecules. Because we're talking about lots and LOTS of atoms and molecules some will have more kinetic energy and some less. Temperature isn't necessarily motion - atoms in a crystal don't have much freedom, but because they are held tightly even small motions can take a lot of energy!

If you were to sum up all the energy dependant on temperature in a system, the total you would get would be the thermal energy. This isn't purely kinetic, as pressure, chemical reactions, and other things depend on temperature too. A system at absolute zero has no thermal energy.

When energy is transferred from one system to another because of a difference in temperature, that moving energy is called heat. Technically, if no energy of this type is moving, then there is no heat at all (just like if an object isn't moving it has no kinetic energy). Putting heat into a system generally raises its temperature and taking it out generally lowers it.

Another name for the condition when systems are not exchanging heat is thermal equilibrium. According to thermodynamics, any touching systems in thermal equilibrium must have identical temperatures. It is possible that minute amounts of heat are still moving around INSIDE the system, but since that's not what we're looking at typically, that doesn't count.

"Hot" is a term of relative temperature. It is more colloquial than scientific in nature. Something is hotter than something else if it has a higher temperature, generally speaking. There are other kinds of 'hotness' than thermal ones, but again these are colloquial in nature and not relevant to the terms you're describing here.

That's my take, anyway. Hope that helps!