what disease would occur if there's hyposecretion of glucagon? how about if hypersecretion?

Question

specific diseases only

Answer 1

Hypersecretion of glucagon is related to DM. Hypersecretion of glucagon is involved in the dysregulation of blood glucose that occurs with diabetes, the investigators point out. "A U-shaped dose-response relationship for glucose-regulated glucagon secretion may explain why diabetic patients with pronounced hyperglycemia display paradoxical hyperglucagonemia," they conclude. Another disease is the Cushing Syndrome.


Hyposecretion of glucagon - chronic hypoglycemia

A decreased ability to secrete glucagon from pancreatic alpha cells has been associated with chronic hypoglycemia. Other contributing factors to this condition would be:
1. A beta cell tumor
2. Defect in the mechanism releasing glucose from the liver.
3. Addison's disease - low levels of corticosteroids which enhance glucose production.
4. Hyposecretion of growth hormone - causing dwarfism.


Hypersecretion of adrenal steroids - Cushing's syndrome

Chief causes of Cushing's syndrome:

1. Hypersecretion of ACTH - Pituitary Cushing's syndrome is responsible for 60 to 70% of these cases. This condition is brought on by a pituitary adenoma.

2. Hypersecretion of adrenal steroids due to an adenoma of the adrenal cortex (20% of the cases) produces low levels of ACTH by negative feedback. This is called adrenal Cushing's syndrome.

3. Hypersecretion of ACTH by a non-endocrine cancer, e.g., lung carcinoma. This is called paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome and is responsible for 10 to 15% of the cases.

4. Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome is due to the long term use of glucocorticoids to control inflammation and edema or autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis

Hypersecretion of glucagon, somatostatin, chromogranin, and calcitonin; ectopic secretion of ACTH (causing Cushing's syndrome); and hypersecretion of growth hormone–releasing hormone (causing acromegaly) sometimes occur in non-β-cell tumors.

Answer 2

1

Answer 3

Hypersecretion Of Glucagon

Answer 4

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RE:
what disease would occur if there's hyposecretion of glucagon? how about if hypersecretion?
specific diseases only

Answer 5

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The endocrine system is a control system of ductless glands that secrete chemical messengers called hormones that circulate within the body via the bloodstream to affect distant organs. Hormones act as "messengers", and are carried by the bloodstream to different cells in the body, which interpret these messages and act on them. The endocrine system does not include exocrine glands such as salivary glands, sweat glands and glands within the gastrointestinal tract. The field of medicine that deals with disorders of endocrine glands is endocrinology, a branch of the wider field of internal medicine. Hypothalamus Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) Somatostatin Dopamine Pituitary gland Anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) GH (human growth hormone) PRL (prolactin) ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) LH (luteinizing hormone) Posterior lobe (neurohypophysis) Oxytocin ADH (antidiuretic hormone) Pineal gland Melatonin Thyroid gland Thyroxine (T4), a form of thyroid hormone Triiodothyronine (T3), a form of thyroid hormone Calcitonin Parathyroid gland Parathyroid hormone (PTH) Heart Atrial-natriuretic peptide (ANP) Stomach and intestines Gastrin Secretin Cholecystokinin (CCK) Somatostatin Neuropeptide Y Liver Insulin-like growth factor Angiotensinogen Thrombopoietin Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas Insulin Glucagon Somatostatin Adrenal glands Adrenal cortex Glucocorticoids - cortisol Mineralocorticoids - aldosterone Androgens (including testosterone) Adrenal medulla Adrenaline (epinephrine) Noradrenaline (norepinephrine) Kidney Renin Erythropoietin (EPO) Calcitriol Skin Calciferol (vitamin D3) Adipose tissue Leptin In males only Testes Androgens (testosterone) In females only Ovarian follicle Oestrogens Testosterone Corpus luteum Progesterone Placenta (when pregnant) Progesterone Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) Human placental lactogen (HPL) Role in disease Diseases of the endocrine system are common, such as diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease. Endocrineopathies can occur with any of these. Hypofunction can occur as result of loss of reserve, hyposecretion, agenesis, atrophy, destruction, etc. Hyperfunction can occur as result of hypersecretion, loss of suppression, tumor, hyperplasia, etc. Endocrineopathies are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary. Primary is target organ dysfunction and is normally associated with increased or decreased secretory hormones. Secondary is a dysfunction that originates elsewhere like the pituitary gland and is normally associated with increased or decreased production of trophic factors. Tertiary is associated with dysfunction of the hypothalamus and its releasing hormones. Diffuse Endocrine System Organs aren't the sole way for hormones to be sent into the body; there are a host of specific cells which secrete hormones independently. These are called the "diffuse" endocrine system, and include myocytes in the heart (atria) and epithelial cells in the stomach and small intestines. In fact, if one were to classify any chemical excretions in the term "hormone," every cell in the human body could be considered a part of the endocrine system.

Answer 6

Sweetie, you need to do your own work! Try reading your text book!

Answer 7

Controls the chemical balance of the body for the most part.

Answer 8

hypo/hyper glycaemia