It is a force of attraction that happens between any two masses. The force is proportional to the product of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between those two masses. The constant of proportionality is called the universal gravitational constant.
2007-07-25 06:55:16
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answer #1
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answered by campbelp2002 7
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In the Newtonian approximation, gravity is described as a force with
F=GMm/r^2
where G is a constant of nature 'the gravitational constant', M and m are the masses of the gravitating bodies and r is the diastance between the two masses. The force is directed along the line between the two masses and is attractive.
This is modified in general relativity, which is more accurate and extensive than Newton's theory. In relativity, mass (and energy and pressure and stresses) produces a distortion of space and time. In turn, particles move through space and time along paths called geodesics which make the 'proper time' along the path a maximum.
The detailed equations for general relativity are way too complicated for this forum. One is written
G_uv=8pi T_uv
where G_uv is the 'Einstein tensor' and describes the curvature of spacetime and T_uv is the 'stress-energy tensor' and describes the mass, energy, pressure, etc in the region. There are actually a total of 10 independent equations collapsed in this one equation (u and v can be anything from 1 to 4 and there are symmetries).
Finally, particles move along geogesics which satisfy the differential equation
d^2 x^u /dt^2 +Gamma^u_vw dx^v/dt dx_w/dt=0
where Gamma is the Christoffel symbol and is determined by the geometry.
All of this can be found in physics books. The Newtonian theory is in classical mechanics and general relativity is found in many books on that subject.
2007-07-25 09:11:30
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answer #2
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answered by mathematician 7
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There isn't a 'Law of Gravity'.
Newton gave us the three universal laws of dynamics, of which gravity is a component.
1. A object will remain stationary or move in a straight line unless acted upon by a force.
2. Force is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration (Gravity).
3. To every force there is an equal and opposite force.
Historically, Galileo discovered the gravitational laws of objects on Earth.
At about the same time Johannes Kepler discovered the laws affecting the movement of astronomical bodies.
Isaac Newton combined these two sets of laws into one set set of Laws of Dynamics, and because Newton's laws apply to both Earthly bodies and Heavenly bodies the three laws are referred to as UNIVERSAL.
PS. 10 ms^-2 is only a rough approxiation of acceleration due to gravity. A nearer approximattion is 9.8ms^-2.
2007-07-25 10:14:04
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answer #3
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answered by lenpol7 7
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The Gravitational field is defined as Weight per Unit mass.
This ratio boils down in dimensions as Meters per second^2.
The Gravity field varies inversely to the square of the distance from the center of the Gravitational mass.
On the surface of the earth the average gravity field is =9.8meters /sec^2
2007-07-26 10:10:14
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answer #4
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answered by goring 6
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This has always perplexed me. All the explanation given are according to Newton's concept of gravity. However, we know that the Newtonian view is incomplete. There were a few anomalies that could not be explained until a new view of gravity was proposed in 1905 by Einstein, Special Relativity. According to Special Relativity, gravity is not a force but simply a curvature in Space-time that gives the illusion of a force. Something that you throw up is not pulled down by gravity but is actually following a straight line. It is the curvature of the space-time that caused this object to comeback to you, not a mysterious force that we call gravity.
2007-07-25 07:33:03
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answer #5
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answered by zi_xin 5
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Newton's law of gravity states that the force between 2 objects is proportional to their masses divided by the distance between them squared:
F = G* m1 * m2 / r^2
On earth the force is measured by the gravitational acceleration : 9.8 m / s^2 or 32 ft / s^2 and is for the most part a constant (it does change slightly as you move away from the surface of the earth)
The actual force would be the acceleration times the mass.
2007-07-25 07:00:45
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answer #6
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answered by pluraldon 3
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In order to answer your question a person needs to know why a field of gravity forms. First of all, Stephen Hawking in "A Brief History of Time," page 92, paragraph 3, states; "Like light, gravitational waves carry energy away from the objects that emit them." So, a field of gravity is a particular form of energy. This form of energy is described in the physics trilogy, which is: E = mc2, m = E/c2, and c2 = E/m. The last is that of a field of gravity or that of a field of time. It is an energy/mass relationship.
The form of energy spoken of in the equation is that of the heat energy contained within a mass. The greater the heat energy, the greater the field of gravity. Were a mass the size of our planet to have no heat energy within it, then it would have no field of gravity about it. Were the heat energy to increase, the force would increase.
Our sun expends 665 lbs/sec in order to keep the planets in place about it, and our planet expends 0.00444 kg/sec in order to keep us in place about it. There is an experiment that was performed a few weeks ago that proves a field of gravity is able to be formed and collapsed. It is found at http://youtube.com and the name of the experiment is "successful gravity experiment". It had to be posted in segments because of time restrictions, so it needs to be put back together. At the same location is "gravity engine" which may be of interest - it is shorter and more interesting.
2007-07-25 09:28:49
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answer #7
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answered by d_of_haven 2
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Your formula is a simplified formula for stuff in Earth's gravity. The universal formula is Fg = G x m1 x m2 / r^2 where Fg is the force of attraction; m1 and m2 are the masses of the attracting bodies and r is the distance between them. G is the gravitational constant.
The little x's are multiplication. the slash is division. The carrot raises a number in front of the carrot to the power of the number following the carrot.
The quick answer is "gravity always sucks." It is always an attractive force between any objects with mass or energy.
2007-07-25 07:58:32
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answer #8
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answered by Owl Eye 5
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Gravity is the force between two objects that have mass. The force between two objects, say F, would be
F=(G(m1)(m2))/r^2 where G is the universal gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of each of the masses, and r is their separation distance.
The force of gravity on the earth surface is generally taken to be 9.81, but that is an average. The earth isn't perfectly round so the distance an object is from the earth's centre of mass varies slightly depending on where you are on the earth's surface.
2007-07-25 08:40:05
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answer #9
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answered by Article 82 2
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JOHN WALKUP
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As Newton stated it
"Every body of mass in the universe attracts every other body of mass with a force directly proportional to the masses of the bodies, and inversely proportional to the distances between their centers".
2007-07-25 08:38:59
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answer #10
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answered by Anonymous
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2016-05-19 01:47:59
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answer #11
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answered by ? 2
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