Hi,
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum. It is spread from one person to another through vaginal, anal or oral sex. The syphilis bacterium is passed through direct contact with a syphilis sore. Sores mainly occur on the external genitals, vagina, and anus or in the rectum. Sores also occur on the lips and in the mouth. An infected woman can also pass the disease on to her baby during pregnancy or childbirth. This kind of disease is called congenital syphilis.
Syphilis cannot be spread by toilet seats, doorknobs, swimming pools, bathtubs, shared clothing, or utensils.
The signs and symptoms of Syphilis are
Primary symptoms:
Painless ulcers or open sores on the genitals, rectum, mouth, or fingers
Enlarged lymph nodes in the area near the sores
Sores that heal in 4 to 8 weeks
Secondary symptoms:
Skin rash
Enlargement of the lymph nodes
Painless silvery ulcerations of the mucous membranes
Headache
Pain in the bones
Loss of appetite
Fever
Fatigue
Sore throat
Weight loss
The secondary stage may persist for a year. Sometimes people can develop meningitis, which is inflammation of the membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord.
Tertiary symptoms: Tertiary stage syphilis can involve any organ of the body. When the brain is involved it is called neurosyphilis. This can cause many problems, including:
Weakness or paralysis
Loss of speech
Deafness
Blindness
Mental disturbances
Other tertiary symptoms are:
Tumours of the skin, bones, or liver
Cardiovascular syphilis, which affects the aorta causing valve disease
Central nervous system disorders
Other symptoms that may be associated with syphilis are:
Vaginal bleeding between periods
Swallowing difficulty
Nose bleed
Mouth sores
Groin lump
Genital lesions in females
In congenital syphilis, there may be no symptoms at all or very severe symptoms may be present. The usual symptoms of syphilis include:
Enlarged lymph nodes
Rash
Enlarged liver and spleen
Bone abnormalities
Low blood cell count
If left untreated, the late signs of congenital syphilis include bone malformations, malformed teeth, and eye and brain problems. It can even cause death.
Syphilis can be diagnosed by testing the blood sample for the presence of antibodies (proteins produced by the body to fight germs and other foreign substances) to Treponema pallidum. The doctor can also detect the presence of this organism in a sample of genital secretion. Various tests used to diagnose syphilis are:
VDRL (veneral diseases research laboratory test)
FTA-ABS fluorescent treponemal antibody test
Dark field examination of primary lesion
Donath-Landsteiner test
T. pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA)
2007-07-19 01:35:26
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answer #1
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answered by Anonymous
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