I'm having trouble understanding this(electricity/electronics) 10pts?

Question

In curcuits how does electricity travel? Can you give me a good indepth post on it? Can you also explain how postive and negative charges effect the course of travel for electrons?


Here is what I thought happened which I'm not sure is ture.

The power source has a negative charge which reples electrons and since electrons are losely bound to the metal they travel to the other end of the curcuit which has a postive charge that attracts the negatively charged electrons.

I understand voltage is the force that pushes electrons and the resistance in the wire is the force that "resists" the flow of electrons. But I'm not understanding any of it. Can you help me out please?

Answer 1

I'm having trouble understanding this(electricity/electronics) 10pts?

You already got 2 good answers when I saw your question but I hope to make it as clear as possible to you. I am interposing my answers between the lines of your question.

In curcuits how does electricity travel? Can you give me a good indepth post on it? Can you also explain how postive and negative charges effect the course of travel for electrons?

Electrons travel because of a voltage or potential difference. Like water flows from a higher level to a lower level, electrons travel from a higher density region to a lower density region. Since electrons by definition have a negative electrical charge, the current flows in the opposite direction. When an electron meets another electron in its path, they repel each other. If an electron meets a positive ion, they may join and neutralise each other.


Here is what I thought happened which I'm not sure is ture.

The power source has a negative charge which reples electrons and since electrons are losely bound to the metal they travel to the other end of the curcuit which has a postive charge that attracts the negatively charged electrons.

The power source has two electrodes, one of which is rich in electrons and the other is poor in electrons. When these are connected by a circuit with some definite resistance, the electrons start travelling towards the poorer electrode inside the cell. And electrons from outside start flowing to maintain an overall balance. There is no net creation or destruction of electrons.

I understand voltage is the force that pushes electrons and the resistance in the wire is the force that "resists" the flow of electrons. But I'm not understanding any of it. Can you help me out please?

Voltage or Potential difference is created due to the differences in electron density at different places of a circuit. When you comb your hair or rub your silken shirt with a plastic comb, some electrons are transferred from the comb to the hair or the shirt. Similarly in a voltage source, the chemical reactions create a potential difference. In a thermocouple, the difference of temperature between a cold and a hot juction creates a potential difference.

Resistance is the resistance offered by materials to flow of electrons. The more free electrons are available, the lesser the resistance. Conductors have more free electrons compared to insulators. At the appropriate voltage, even insulators break down and start conducting.

Read some basic physics of electricity to understand this better. Feel free to post specific doubts here.

Answer 2

essentially here is what is happening. you have a battery which provides a potential difference (voltage), that is there is a difference in net charge between one terminal and the other and the battery can sustain this difference. when you connect a wire from one terminal to the other, the loose electrons begin to flow, like you said, because the negative charge of the electron is attracted to the positive terminal of the battery. if you just connect a plain wire between the two terminals, you have what is called a short circuit, there is not resistance so electrons flow uncontrollably until something bad happens to stop to, i.e. battery explodes.

current flow is defined as the direction opposite the flow of electrons.

ohm's law says V=IR, which is an empirical law, it just is, there no proving it mathematically. so if you have a constant voltage (your battery) the larger the resistance, the less current that will flow. now the battery exploding makes sense when there is not resistance (just a wire) because I = V/0 and dividing by 0 is bad.

resistance is a property of the material. higher resistance means that there are less free electrons in the material which means less current can flow.

i hoped i helped a little.

Answer 3

Electric current is the flow of electrons, (electric charges), in a definite direction.
Because electrons carry a negative charge, they flow towards a positive pole.
We see that the typical requirements for electrons to flow are :-
a)….A power source to give a difference of charge between two poles.
b)….Conductors connected to the power source to form a loop or 'Circuit'.
An electron is an extremely tiny particle. In a single second, a vast number of electrons will pass by any point in a circuit.
The quantity of electron flow or the 'Quantity of Electricity' (Symbol 'Q'), is measured in units called 'Coulombs'.
1 Coulomb represents 6.24 x 10^18 electrons. (6.24 million, million, million ).
1 Coulomb is defined as : -
'The Quantity of Electricity conveyed in One Second by a Current of One Ampere'
The RATE at which electricity flows (the Current), Symbol 'I', is measured in 'Amperes', Symbol 'A' ( Amp ).
'A current of 1 Amp flows in a 'Conductor', when 1 Coulomb passes a given point in 1 Second'

Answer 4

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