The elongation of a culm results from the expansion of individual internodes, already present in the bud. Differentiation starts at the upper part of an internode by elongation of different cell types, and proceeds down to its base. The differentiation of an individual internode is completed in just a few days (Hsiung et al. 1980). Longitudinally, there is no major difference in the composition and structure of the tissue within an internode, except for the expansion of the cells, especially the fibres. The fibres undergo a significant elongation from only a few microns to about 2 mm. Within the internode, the fibres near the nodes are always shorter than in the middle portion. Elongation, however, causes only a few anatomical changes along culm length. The narrowing of the culm wall in the upper part results in a reduction of its inner portion with less parenchyma, and the vascular bundles decrease in size but increase in number. The upper culm part has a higher fibre content with a higher specific gravity.
2007-07-12 07:05:41
·
answer #2
·
answered by ATP-Man 7
·
2⤊
0⤋
For the best answers, search on this site https://shorturl.im/awDb3
Hi, As we know, bamboo floor now on the market comes from one bamboo species, called "Moso", its scientific name is Phyllostachys pubescens, the density of it is about 0.66, compare with ash (0.67), maple (0.75) or oak (0.59~0.93), "Moso" has simillar property as them when it is used for flooring, therefor it will be dented and scratched (mostly depends on the lacquer, due to most bamboo floor now use UV with additive AL2O3, which is very rigidity but friable compare with others) like those medium wood. Except when "Moso" is used for structure material, it has extremely strength, like steel, due to its specific property. Like medium hardwood floor, the price of bamboo floor is quite amazing, C$2.98/sqft sold in Rona, it is really not the cheap quality floor! For the installation, it is easy "do it yourself", you can nail down or glue down, indeed you can put glue between tenon & groove to float the floor. There are two basic types of bamboo floor, horizontal and vertical, based on "Moso" property, vertical is more stable than horizontal, you will easy find the different by checking the beeline of floor plank, almost all horizontal pieces have a little bit bend, but vertical are all keep straight, moreover vertical has less shrinkage or expansion in width of floor plank than horizontal. So, for the place of moisture change big, it's better to take vertical. As to the color of bamboo floor, normally there are natural and carbonized (there are some stain colors' bamboo floor also), the mechanical and physical property of natural color is better than carbonized color, because the fibers of carbonized bamboo got certain damaged. For the color uniform, natural one is better than carbonized, because the carbonized bamboo strips get different color change (under the same carbonized condition, i.e. 150 degree, 2 hours) due to bamboo poles come from different places (south or north of mountain, foot or top of mountain... so much as pole itsself from bottom to top), so workers have to select same carbonized color to make light, medium and dark carbonized colors, that's the color uniform good or not by different manufacturers. For the quality of bamboo floor, first from the structure of horizontal and vertical, horizontal is easier to conceal the defects of bamboo strips, because there are three layers, you will not see the defects between layers. Normally manucaturers use discolor strips in middle and bottom layers, this is acceptable, but if any strip inside is not planed "out", that means some cupped parts remaindered on strips (due to bamboo is a hollow grass), the quality of agglutination will be reduced. Second, moisture content normally should be below 12%, dry area below 10%, thriod, floor planks fitting, the edges should be linear and right-angled, fouth, to test the lacquer as people talked more about the scratch, fifth, the glue used, for sure most bamboo floor on the market now are used Urea-formaldehyde(UF) resins, like plywood, panel..., it should be said UF is a safety glue to be worldwidely used. For common consumers it is hardly to know which floor's volatilization (free formaldehyde) is low than the level (i.e 0.37mg/m3, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) sets the Value), the possible way by youself is, try to smell something, free formaldehyde is a very stabbed smell, when you open the box you can try this, of course it's not a formal way to test it. It do have a way to use one glue such as PVAc glue which is totally free from harmful volatilization to make bamboo floor, but the cost is very high, does it worth to buy? Like you buy plywood, did you ask for the plywood glued with PVAc or other glues free from formaldehyde instead of UF? Anyway, let your room ventilation after the installation, the free formaldehyde will be less and less,
2016-04-08 03:24:00
·
answer #6
·
answered by ? 4
·
0⤊
0⤋