what is buffer solution?

Question

tell me all the formula in this topic

Answer 1

Buffer solutions are solutions which resist change in hydronium ion and the hydroxide ion concentration (and consequently pH) upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, or upon dilution. Buffer solutions consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base (more common) or a weak base and its conjugate acid (less common). The resistive action is the result of the equilibrium between the weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A−):

HA(aq) + H2O(l) → H3O+(aq) + A−(aq)
Any alkali added to the solution is consumed by hydronium ions. These ions are mostly regenerated as the equilibrium moves to the right and some of the acid dissociates into hydronium ions and the conjugate base. If a strong acid is added, the conjugate base is protonated, and the pH is almost entirely restored. This is an example of Le Chatelier's principle and the common ion effect. This contrasts with solutions of strong acids or strong bases, where any additional strong acid or base can greatly change the pH.

When writing about buffer systems they can be represented as salt of conjugate base/acid, or base/salt of conjugate acid. It should be noted that here buffer solutions are presented in terms of the Brønsted-Lowry notion of acids and bases, as opposed to the Lewis acid-base theory (see acid-base reaction theories). Omitted here are buffer solutions prepared with solvents other than water.

Source(s):

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/buffer_solu...

Answer 2

Buffer solutions are solutions which resist change in hydronium ion and the hydroxide ion concentration (and consequently pH) upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, or upon dilution. Buffer solutions consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base (more common) or a weak base and its conjugate acid (less common). The resistive action is the result of the equilibrium between the weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A−):

HA(aq) + H2O(l) → H3O+(aq) + A−(aq)
Any alkali added to the solution is consumed by hydronium ions. These ions are mostly regenerated as the equilibrium moves to the right and some of the acid dissociates into hydronium ions and the conjugate base. If a strong acid is added, the conjugate base is protonated, and the pH is almost entirely restored. This is an example of Le Chatelier's principle and the common ion effect. This contrasts with solutions of strong acids or strong bases, where any additional strong acid or base can greatly change the pH.

When writing about buffer systems they can be represented as salt of conjugate base/acid, or base/salt of conjugate acid. It should be noted that here buffer solutions are presented in terms of the Brønsted-Lowry notion of acids and bases, as opposed to the Lewis acid-base theory (see acid-base reaction theories). Omitted here are buffer solutions prepared with solvents other than water.

Answer 3

All chemical salts are made by the neutralisation reaction between acid and base. After the neutralisation we can get the salt . Salt which we can make a solution , that solution is having the tendency to maintain it own Ph level (ie) if we add some quantity of acid (or) base the salt solution can keep the its own Ph level. This tendency of salt solution is called(maintaining the Ph level of the solution ) Buffer action and that solution is Buffer solution

Answer 4

Buffer solutions are solutions which resist change in hydronium ion and the hydroxide ion concentration (and consequently pH) upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, or upon dilution. Buffer solutions consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base (more common) or a weak base and its conjugate acid (less common). The resistive action is the result of the equilibrium between the weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A−):

HA(aq) + H2O(l) → H3O+(aq) + A−(aq)

Answer 5

A buffer solution is a solution that resists a change in its pH when it is diluted or when an acid or base is added to it. It consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid.