Which scientist discovered painkillers???

Question

First one to help me out (with the right answer! not just..I don't know) gets 10 points!

Answer 1

There are many painkillers so expect different scientist as the discoverer. To name some :

>>In 460 B.C., Hippocrates, "the father of medicine", dismisses the magical attributes of opium but acknowledges its usefulness as a narcotic. In 1816,one of the chemical compounds in opium called Morphine was isolated, and sold as a painkiller medicine.
>>In 1878,Harmon Northrop Morse first synthesized paracetamol via the reduction of p-nitrophenol with tin in glacial acetic acid, however, paracetamol was not used medically for another 15 years.
>>In 1897, Felix Hoffmann and Arthur Eichengrün synthesized aspirin.
>>In 1889, Karl Morner, discovered acetaminophen.
>>In the early 1960s, Stuart Adams made ibuprofen.

Answer 2

For over half a century, the only anti-inflammatory drug available was aspirin. However, this drug caused serious side effects when taken in large doses or for long periods of time. The minor side effects normally experienced with taking aspirin became extremely serious, such as stomach ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding.



Paracetamol was tried as an alternatives, but it did not do anything to relieve the inflammation even though it did offer relief from the pain.



In 1948 the first steroid based drug, cortisone, was discovered and initially it was regarded as a miracle cure until problems with essential salt, sugar and protein metabolism were linked with its use. Safer, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were needed.



After the Second World War a number were discovered. The most common drugs to be discovered were the α – arylpropionic acids. This means that the molecule contains an aryl group (the benzene ring) joined to a carboxylic acid derived from propane.



Ibuprofen was authorized to be sold over-the-counter in the 1980s and has become the most well known of all the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs available. Its use has become very widespread and is, in many cases, used in preference to other painkillers, due to the reduced side effects of ibuprofen.

Answer 3

Humans have for millenia been using willow-bark as a painkiller, however it had side-effects on the stomach.

The active ingredient, salicylic acid was first isolated and purified by Charles Gergardt in 1837, but he found the process too time-consuming.

Felix Hoffmann looked at Gergardt's work and in 1897 came up with a way of producing it more simply.