what are the classification and artificial system of plants?

Answer 1

the art of identifying among organisms and placing them into groups that reflect their most significant features and relationships is called biological classification.
G simpson said it is a subtopic of systematics that deals with ordering of organisms into group and taxonomy is the study of principles and procedures of classification.
artificial system of classification is based on 1 or a few superficial similarities, it sometimes result into grouping of heterogenous and unrelated organisms into one group.
linnaeus used the number, union, length and some other characteristics of stamen for plant classification.eg=monoandria(1 stamen), diandria(2 stamen), triandria(3) and polyandria many. this was artificial system as he did not considered the phylogenetic trend.
so there are natural systems like that of George Bentham(1800-1884) and Joseph D hooker(1817-1911).
but today the most important are phylogenetic system of classification, (idea fron darwin), like one by Adolf Engler (1844-1930) and Karl Prantl (1849-1893) , first phylogenetic classification published in "die naturlichen pflanzenfamilien"

Answer 2

taxonomy