Can any one please help me with this high school chemistry problem?

Question

Consider three unlabeled bottles, each containing small pieces of one of the following metals: magnesium, sodium, and silver. The following reagents are used for identifying the metals: pure water, a solution of 1.0M HCl, and a solution of concentrated HNO3
a) Which metal can easily be identified because it is much softer than the other two?Describe a chemical test that distingushes this metal from the other two, using only one of the reagents above.Write a balanced equation for the reaction that occurs.
b) One of the other two metals reacts readily with the HCl solution.Identify the metal and write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurs when this metal is added to the HCl solution.
c) The one remaining metal reacts with the concentrated HNO3 solution.Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
d) The solution obtained in part c) is diluted and a few drops of 1.0M HCl are added.What would be observed? Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction

Answer 1

a) sodium is the softest, I watched one of my chem instructors remove a chunk of it from a jar of oil and then cut off a small piece of it with a butter knife. He then dropped the piece into a beaker of water where it rapidly floated around on top of the water, then stuck to the side and caught fire.
2Na + 2H2O ---> 2NaOH + H2

b) Mg + 2HCl ----> MgCl2 + H2

c) 2Ag + 2HNO3 ----> 2AgNO3 + H2

d) A white precipitate would form and fall out of solution.
The precipitate is Silver Chloride (AgCl)

AgNO3 + HCl ----> AgCl + HNO3

Answer 2

(a) Sodium. Being a grp I metal, sodium is much softer than the other metals. Add water to sodium, sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas will be produced. it is a rather violent reaction. 2 Na + 2 H2O --> 2 NaOH + H2
(b) Magnesium. Mg + 2 HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
(c) Ag +2HNO3 --> AgNO3+ NO2 + H2O
(d) A white precipitate of AgCl will be produced. AgNO3 + HCl --> AgCl + HNO3

Answer 3

a) Na is much softer than the other 2. It reacts violently with water to produce H2(g).
2 Na(s) + 2 H2O(l) --> 2 NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

b) Mg reacts readily with HCl. The products are MgCl2(s) and H2(g).
Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) --> MgCl2(s) + H2(g)

c) Ag reacts with the HNO3.
2 Ag(s) + 2 HNO3(aq) --> 2 AgNO3(aq) + H2(g)

d) AgCl(s) would ppt out of the solution (white solid is formed).
AgNO3(aq) + HCl(aq) --> AgCl(s) + HNO3(aq)

Answer 4

relatively as any given quantity of gas contains the comparable variety of moles, the gas whose molecules have the utmost atomic mass could have the suitable mass of gas because of the fact the variety of molecules may be the comparable in each and every case.