The Civil Rights Movement: What decision was readced in Brown v. Board of Eductation? Read additional info?

Question

What decision was reached in Brown v. Board of Education , Topeka, Kansas? What decision did it reverse? How did Americans respond to the decision?

Answer 1

Court decided separate but equal for education without regard to race. It attempted to end racial discrimination in education. Some people were happy. Many people were p***ed off-riots, protests. National Guard was sent to many places to bring order.

Answer 2

The decision that was reached was the ending of the seperate but equal policy set in place during Reconstruction following the Civil War. The case reversed was Plessy V. Ferguson which stated that everything could be seperated by race as long as both accomadations were equal which was impossible and not practiced. The were not much change in the policy until 1971 when the decision was made mandatory by the Supreme Court. In 1971 all schools were mandatory integrated (like in the movie Remember the Titans). There were mass protest from black and white citizens. Some students were "bused" from their home district to other schools in order to even out the racial balance created by race specific neighborhoods. In the south during this time of integration there was also an influx of majority white private schools. This was a way of continuing segregation because the poorer African-Americans could not afford the cost of the private schools.

Answer 3

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, overturned its earlier ruling, which declared establishment of separate public schools for black and white students inherently unequal. This victory paved the way for integration and the Civil Rights Movement.

Not everyone accepted the Brown v. Board of Education decision. In Virginia, Senator Harry F. Byrd, Sr.organized the Massive Resistance movement that included the closing of schools rather than desegregating them.
In 1957, Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus(D) called out his state's National Guard to block black students' entry to Little Rock High School. President Dwight Eisenhower(R) responded by deploying elements of the 101st Airborne Division from Fort Campbell, Kentucky to Arkansas and by federalizing Faubus' National Guard.

In 1963, Alabama Gov. George Wallace personally blocked the door to Foster Auditorium at the University of Alabama to prevent the enrolment of two black students. This became the infamous "Stand at the Schoolhouse Door," during which Wallace declared "segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever."

Hope this helps,
Channa

Answer 4

"Segregation of white and ***** children in the public schools of a State solely on the basis of race, pursuant to state laws permitting or requiring such segregation, denies to ***** children the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment -- even though the physical facilities and other "tangible" factors of white and ***** schools may be equal. "...... "Where a State has undertaken to provide an opportunity for an education in its public schools, such an opportunity is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms The "separate but equal" doctrine adopted in Plessy v. Ferguson, has no place in the field of public education. "

In 1954 17 states and DC required segregated schools and 5 more permitted it. By 1961 only 14 of them had integrated some schools. Various methods were used to block integration from continued court fights, setting up "private" white only schools with state provided tuition grants, and in Virgina several counties closed the public schools altogether. There were some violent protest and the National guard or federal marshals were brought in to protect the Black students.

Answer 5

Brown vs Board of Education decided that separate but equal was NOT a valid rule, because the separate schools were not really equal. Overturned the old Plessy vs Ferguson decision from back in the 1890's which had said separate but equal was okay.