How do governmnet programs affect the distribution of income in the United states?

Answer 1

They take tax money, presumably from those who have it to give and distribute it to those who do not have it with programs like EIC.

Answer 2

All government programs affect the distribution of wealth. Taxes are imposed in accordance with Congressional policy. Income taxes are supposed to be progressive (higher rates go with higher income). The taxes are spent primarily on social welfare programs like social security and secondarily on defense. The social security check to a retired person or the payment to Boeing for a B-52 all affect the distribution of wealth.