Who discovered or founded the psycology theories we use today?

Question

The so called "Masters" of psycology?

Answer 1

Well there are many theories out there that are used depending on what area you go into. Some of the main schools of thought though and the people involved are:

Sigmund Freud - Psychoanalysis

John Watson, Ivan Pavlov, B. F. Skinner, Edward Lee Thorndike - Behaviourism

Noam Chomsky (in part with his critique that language could not be explained by conditioning) - Cognitivism

Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers - Humanistic Psychology

There are many of these schools though and most psychologists will take an eclectic view on these things, using elements from individual schools on a case by case basis or combining many elements together as a form of therapy.

For more schools of though: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_psychological_schools

Answer 2

Well Jefferson was a Democrat but during those days that meant sticking to the Constitution which would probably make him a Libertarian or Democrat because of his position on state rights. Washington wouldn't be in one because he didn't believe in them. Franklin would be a more than likely a Democrat because of his push for science over religion. And I see many of the others not fitting in anywhere.

Answer 3

Educational psychology cannot claim priority in the systematic analysis of educational processes. Philosophers of education such as Democritus, Quintilian, Vives and Comenius, had examined, classified and judged the methods of education centuries before the beginnings of psychology in the late 1800s. Instead, aspirations of the new discipline rested on the application of the scientific methods of observation and experimentation to educational problems. Even in the earliest years of the discipline, educational psychologists recognized the limitations of this new approach. In his famous series of lectures Talks to Teachers on Psychology, published in 1899 and now regarded as the first educational psychology textbook, the pioneering American psychologist William James commented that:

Psychology is a science, and teaching is an art; and sciences never generate arts directly out of themselves. An intermediate inventive mind must make that application, by using its originality.[38]

According to Berliner[39] educational psychology theorists' attitude to the world of educational practice has shifted from initial interest to disdain, and eventually to respect.

Charles Hubbard Judd
In 1912, Thorndike, who developed the theory of instrumental conditioning, presaged later work on programmed instruction, mastery learning and computer-based learning:

If, by a miracle of mechanical ingenuity, a book could be so arranged that only to him who had done what was directed on page one would page two become visible, and so on, much that now requires personal instruction could be managed by print.

Answer 4

Oh wow, there's so many of them, let's see if I can recall the masters...
- Psychoanalytical: Sigmund Freud
- Humanistic: Carl Rogers
- Conditioning: Pavlov
- other behavior therapies: Watson; Skinner
- Modeling: Bandura
- Rational-Emotive Behavior (REBT): Ellis
- Cognitive Therapy: Beck
- Gestalt Therapy: Perls

That should cover them all! :o)

Answer 5

Many of the psychology theories we use today come from Signmund Freud. However, throughout time, many psychologists have added to our knowledge, some very notable psychologists have come out of the Holocaust, such as Viktor Frankl who developed the process of asking his troubled patients why they continue to live, and working from there.

Freud, all in all, gave us the basis for our psychology and much of our sociology today. Read some of his books to learn more.

Answer 6

Don't forget Ivan Pavlov among the many.
- Conditioning

Answer 7

Carl Jung and Sigmond Freud, just to mention a few.

Answer 8

Darn! I must have logged-on too late. Everyone else took all the right answers! Oh, well, I'm supposed to be at my therapists office now, anyway...
:)