Botany Help! PLEASE!?

Question

1. What structures in a leaf perform photosynthesis?
2. What structure produces wood?
3. What structures are present in an eudicot root but missing in a stem?
4. The stamen contains which sex?
5. The carpel contains with sex?
6. Which sex produces microsporocytes and which produces megasporocytes?
7. What three parts are found in the seed?


THANKS SO MUCH FOR YOUR HELP!!!!

Answer 1

1. Mesophyll
2. Xylem
3. There are multiple possible answers, but they might include the root cap or root hairs. Your textbook probably gives the correct answer; I'm guessing you'll find a statement that specifically points out that eudicot stems lack a certain structure found in the root.
4. Male
5. Female
6. The male produces microsporocytes and the female produces megasporocytes.
7. There are more than three specific parts found in a seed, so you should really check your textbook, which undoubtedly contains all of these answers. The answer might be embryo, cotyledon(s), and endosperm.

Answer 2

1. Mesophyll cells are specialized for photosynthesis. These cells in the middle of the leaf contain many chloroplasts, the organelles that perform photosynthesis

2.A tree increases in diameter by the formation, between the old wood and the inner bark, of new woody layers which envelop the entire stem, living branches, and roots. Where there are clear seasons, this can happen in a discrete pattern, leading to what is known as growth rings, as can be seen on the end of a log. If these seasons are annual these growth rings are annual rings. Where there is no seasonal difference growth rings are likely to be indistinct or absent.

Within a growth ring it may be possible to see two parts. The part nearest the center of the tree is more open textured and almost invariably lighter in color than that near the outer portion of the ring. The inner portion is formed early in the season, when growth is comparatively rapid; it is known as early wood or spring wood. The outer portion is the late wood or summer wood, being produced in the summer.[2] In white pines there is not much contrast in the different parts of the ring, and as a result the wood is very uniform in texture and is easy to work. In hard pines, on the other hand, the late wood is very dense and is deep-colored, presenting a very decided contrast to the soft, straw-colored early wood. In ring-porous woods each season's growth is always well defined, because the large pores of the spring abut on the denser tissue of the fall before. In the diffuse-porous woods, the demarcation between rings is not always so clear and in some cases is almost (if not entirely) invisible to the unaided eye.

3. Typical Eudicot Root
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Structure of a Young RootMeristematic RegionProtoderm
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YoungRoot (cont.)• Above the region of the meristem are the regions of elongationand region of maturationMeristem
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Structure of an Older Dicot Root in Region of Maturation• Epidermis• Cortex (parenchyma)• Stele• Root Hairs may be present• Protostele
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RootHairsSingle epidermal cells with a long extension
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Structure of an Older Dicot Root (cont.)
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Functions of Root Structures• ENDODERMIS– innermost layer of the cortex – functions in water regulation– cells are “belted” with a suberized layer called the Casparian strip– waterproofs the layer so water must move through the cells (not the walls) into the stele
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Endodermis
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Functions of Root Structures(cont.)• PERICYCLE– source of cells for formation of branch (lateral) roots– involved in formation of cambial layers in woody roots– endogenous growth of branches
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Functions of Root Structures(Cont.)• PHLOEM– transport of nutrients • XYLEM– protoxylem (first to mature in the root)– metaxylem (last to mature)– water and mineral conduction• CAMBIUM(with pericycle cells will form vascular cambium in woody root)
Eudicot Stem Structure (cont.)• Leaf primordiawith trichomes• Axillary (lateral) buds– give rise to branches– exogenous development
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Older Eudicot Stem (xs)• Epidermis• Collenchyma or fibers• Cortex• Vascular bundles• Pith
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Eudicot Stem Vascular Bundle• Bundle cap (composed of fibers)• Phloem• Fascicular cambium• Xylem

4. pollen, male sex cells

5. female part of the flower and contains ovules

6. male(pollen), female sex cells(megasporangia)

7. SEEDS
The seed, or matured ovule is made up of three parts. The embryo is a miniature plant in an arrested state of development. Most seeds contain a built-in food supply called the endosperm (orchid are an exception). The endosperm can be made up of proteins, carbohydrates or fats. The third part a hard outer covering called a seed coat. It protects the seed from disease and insects, and prevents water from entering the seed which would initiate the germination process before the proper time.
Seedlings
Germination is the resumption of active embryo growth. Prior to any visual signs of growth the seed must absorb water through the seed coat and micropyle. In addition, the seed must be in the proper environmental conditions; that is, exposed to oxygen, favorable temperatures, and for some correct light. The radicle is the first part of the seedling to emerge from the seed. It will develop into the primary root from which root hairs and lateral roots will develop. The portion of the seedling between the radicle and the first leaflike, (plumule), are attached to a structure called the hypocotyl which becomes the stem. The seed leaves and cotyledons encase the embryo and are usually different in shape from the leaves that the mature plant will produce. Plants producing one cotyledon fall into the group of monocotyledons or monocots. Plants producing two seed leaves are called dicotyledons or dicots.