what are the differences between malleable and ductile metals??

Question

i am doing a project and need to know the meaning of malleable and ductile, and explain the differences. I also need some examples

Answer 1

Most metals that are ductile are also malleable, and vice versa, although there are some that would be considered exceptions to this.

Ductility, as it is typically defined and reported as a property, refers to a metal's capacity for elongation and/or reduction of cross-sectional area under uniaxial tension, i.e., pulling in one direction. (As a side note, "formability" is the capacity for plastic deformation under biaxial tension, i.e., pulling in two directions at once.) It should be noted that this so-called "property" is not independent of specimen geometry, mainly because of a tensile instability known as "necking," which localizes plastic deformation over a small portion of the specified gage length.

Malleability, on the other hand, refers to a metal's capacity for thinning and lateral expansion under uniaxial compression, i.e., "flattening." This property is even less rigorously defined than ductility, and is probably more accurately described as a fabrication characteristic.

Both of these "properties" (to use the term loosely) rely on a metal's capacity for plastic deformation, which /always/ occurs due to the action of shear stresses. The latter can be induced, to varying degree, under a variety of loading conditions, including uniaxial (or biaxial, or even unbalanced triaxial) tension or compression. Some of the more fundamental underlying properties that determine a metal's capacity for tensile or compressive plasticity include strain hardening rate, number of active slip systems, and grain size.

Some of these properties (and other characteristics) affect ductility more than malleability. For example:
- Strain hardening rate. Metals that exhibit a high rate of strain hardening are more resistant to the onset of necking during tensile testing. This enables them to achieve greater elongations to failure (a common ductility measure), but definitely does not make them more malleable. In fact, it would have just the opposite effect. (Example: austenitic stainless steels.)
- Grain size. Coarse grains degrade tensile ductility to a greater extent than they do malleability.
- Inclusion count / distribution / orientation. The "dirtiness" of a metal can have a major effect on its tensile ductility, but to a much lesser extent on its malleability.

Gold and lead are classic examples of high malleability. Both can be pounded into very thin foils without breaking.
Fine-grained, low-carbon steel (e.g., SAE 1006) is a good example of high ductility (as well as high formability).

I think that's about all I'm going to contribute here, but you're welcome to email if you have further questions on this topic.

Answer 2

Malleable Metals

Answer 3

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RE:
what are the differences between malleable and ductile metals??
i am doing a project and need to know the meaning of malleable and ductile, and explain the differences. I also need some examples

Answer 4

Malleable metals are formed into desired shapes using mostly compression. Lead sheet would be easily be formed over a mold by pressing or hammering. So would gold, silver and annealed copper sheet. (Some metals like copper will "work harden" when distorted and may need to be annealed during the forming process.) Even steel is malleable when hot. Forging is the process be it in a blacksmith shop or an industrial foundry. Also steel is malleable enough when thin to be cold stamped into shapes like automobile body parts. But there both compression and tension are in effect.

Ductile metals are formed into desired shapes using mostly tension. The manufacture of wire is an example. The process is called drawing. Here both compression and stretching are employed and the hot metal is pulled through very hard dies of decreasing diameter.

Rolling is another process employing both compression and tension. Sheet metal , both plain and galvanized is formed by this method, both hot and cold. The metals are considered to be ductile.

Answer 5

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Most metals are both. Malleability and ductility are properties of metals. Ductility is the ability to be drawn into a wire, and malleability is the ability to be hammered into a particular shape.

Answer 6

malleable is being able to shape metal by hammering or pressing it into shape.

*Ductile is being able to shape metal when under tension.



So say gum can malleable you can press it with your fingers into a shape.

It can all so be ductile you can pull it on both sides into a long flat shape.


lead is very malleable it can be press but it's only a little ductile can't be pull into wire very easy.

platinum can be ducitle you can pull it into wire easy but it's not very malleable.



*(edit sorry said it wrong the frist time)

Answer 7

i will answer that question as to my knowledge of this..maaleable iron can be welded it is made of a higher grade metal than ductile..that is made od junk cars and washing machines torn up and melted down,lines other kinds of pipe to strengthen it