dont know why i even bother to answer these questions
no body gives a damn any way
but when everybody starts paying through the nose for anything that needs potable water they will dance to a diferent tune (that includes beer)
we should start composting the enemies of Nature
water shortage
expanding populations use more and more Potable water(world population has doubled in the last 50 years)
expanding agriculture that needs to keep up with the expanding popultaions uses the most ,,even more than the cities about 75% of all water reserves.
Deep under ground Carbon aquifiers are pumped dry ,by irresponsible egoistic and greedy farmers
.these Carbon Aquifers do not refill them selves causing sink holes often a few miles deep.
potable water is becoming more precious by the day
we will end up killing each other over Potable water
some people already are
overpopulation of an extra 70 million people a year (increasing all the time )and expanding agriculture ,which uses 70% of available potable water supplies ,has brought the good(sweet) water suplies to critical levels ,some countries have been in trouble already quite a while .
Waterharvesting .WILL also help solve the problems
WATER DISTRIBUTION
97%of the Earths water is salt
fresh water is only 3% of all the Earths water
most of it is beyond out reach
now much ice is melting and running into the seas fresh water lost for ever.
STORAGE or Location of % of the fresh water
ice and glaziers 74%
groundwater 800 meters + 13.5 %
groundwater less than 800meters 11.o%
Lakes 0.3%
soils 0.006%
Atmospheric in circulation 0.0035%
rivers 0.03%
frozen land or permafrost is not included and represent an unavailable storage of 40%
so of the 3% about 11.6 ,is easily available to us ,in rivers, lakes and ground water surface aquifers,more and more of this is becoming contaminated
now climate change and desertification because of irresponsible agriculture ,overgrazing and deforrestation is damaging world fresh water production .
POSITIVE ACTIONS
it is a good reason for concern and if we do not rectify matters by changing agricultural methods ,
promote sweet water production,(Masive reforrestation)
take care of what we got (Nature conservation)stop deforrestation
,,plus strong policing on usage,as well as economic usage of water in agriculture
and in the cities stop wasting and contaminating water,
,stop producing more people
we will be in serious trouble all round
and could end up looking like Mars .
PERMACULTURE
.
better to pump surface underground water supplies coupled to WATERHARVESTING
the natural way of nature is to evaporate moisture for clouds and this gets blown to places with less water any way ,what obstruct the clouds from getting to deserts ,tend to be mountains that are in the way,
but generally speaking ,the normal weather patterns spread rain evenly over the planet to balance out the temperatures and humidity.
As far as catching rain is concerned ,we do this all the time ,and have done so already since Babylonian times,and is a part of the more advanced Agriculture,that existed with the Egyptians,Central ,and south American indigenous peoples,and many others ,today we call this water harvesting.
In Permaculture the rule is to harvest water to the point of Zero runoff.
this means that all of the rain that falls on an area is absorbed by the terrain and not a drop leaves it.
by building dams,ponds or swales, with interconecting ditches,
if there are enough of these ;the places ,where before the rain water ran over the ground into the rivers and on to the sea ,(in a matter of hours or days),It now runs into absorbant dams or swales and saturates the ground and eventually reaches subteranean water deposits ,taking many months to do so.
Or it fills up ponds that can be used for Aquaculture.
And so a convex situation that repels water is transformed in a concave ,absorbant one and turning the area in to a sponge.
in Spain and Portugal ,which still display many examples of the conquering Moorish influence,One can find many remnants of Waterharvesting,such as aquaducts and tanks underneath the patios ,which collect the rain water from the roofs ,to be used in dryer times.
in Arabia ,on a large scale ,land has been shaped to catch and lead,rain water into sandy areas or to agricultural lands.sand is almost as good as dams because it absorbs water and holds it.
to find out more about Water harvesting I recomend:
the Permaculture designers manual by Bill Mollison,which cost about 40 dollars.
and is the best all round book you can get.(tagiari publishing, tagariadmin@southcom.com.au)
.
other writers that are on the internet are
david Holmgren
Larry Santoyo
Kirk Hanson
Masanobu Fukuaka has written ,
One-Straw Revolution
The Road Back to Nature
The Natural Way of Farming
http://www.context.org/iclib/ic14/fukuok...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/masanobu_fu...
Simon Henderson
and Bill Molisson.
a representitive of the concept in USA is
Dan Hemenway at YankeePerm@aol.com
barkingfrogspc@aol.com
http://barkingfrogspc.tripod.com/frames....
http://csf.colorado.edu/perma/ypc_catalo...
read Plan B by Lester E Brown.who is the director and founder of the global institute of Environment in the United states .he has compiled a report based on all the satalite information available from NASA,and all the information that has
come from Universities and American embassies WORLD WIDE ,
his little book--a planet under stress , Plan B has been trans lated into 50 languages and won the best book award in 2003. Source(s) I am a permaculture consultant for the department of Ecology for the regional government of Guerrero in Mexico
2007-05-03 15:07:51
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answer #3
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answered by Anonymous
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