What is the difference between infant and adult botulism?

Question

Explain the difference between infant and adult botulism.

Answer 1

Botulism is a very serious condition caused by ingestion of the toxin produced by Clostridium botulani, a bacteria that lives in low oxygen environments. Chief sources are wounds and improperly canned (home canned) foods where the heat resistant spores develop into the "adult" toxin-producing bacteria. It is ingestion of toxin that produces poisoning. The bacteria and spores themselves are destroyed by an adult digestive tract.

Shortly after ingestion of the toxin, adults develop difficulty spallowing, speaking, facial weakness, double vision, breathing difficulty, nausea, vomiting, cramps, paralysis, and if untreated, death. IV drug users get the disease from contaminated wounds.

Infants develop botulism from the ingestion of spores. These are not destroyed by their digestive tracts, and mature, toxin-producing bacteria grow in the infant's intestine. Honey is a prime source of spores of Clostridium botulini, hence the recommendation not to give honey to infants under two years old.

Poisoning in infants usually develops slowly, manifest by constipation, poor mucsle tone, drowsiness, droopy eyelids, and poor sucking. Paralysis and death have been reported, but many cases are recognized in time.

Answer 2

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