Can you tell me about a electric drill?

Question

I want to learn more!
How does a electric drill work???

Answer 1

Here's some info:

About Electric Drills
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Electric Drill Ratings
Drill ratings are based on chuck capacity and motor load limit. Chuck capacity is the most obvious, but it does not tell the whole story. Speed and torque, or twisting power, must be considered.

For example, a drill rated at 1/4" not only means that this is the largest-diameter shank that will fit the chuck but indicates the largest-sized hole recommended to be drilled with a 1/4" bit in 1/4" thick mild steel. The peripheral speed of the drill bit increases with the size; therefore the bit determines the rated drill capacity.

Motor load limit is classified light, medium or heavy duty. Amp ratings and bearing construction are a better method for determining which classification a drill falls into than its chuck size.

Horsepower ratings are determined individually for each tool according to its use, amperage, torque and type of bearing. Ratings vary by manufacturer. General ranges include 1/7 to 1/4 hp for 1/4" and 3/8" drills, 1/3 to 7/8 hp for 1/2" units.

Rating listed on drill nameplate usually includes amperage. The higher the amp rating the more powerful the drill. Drills rated at two amps are generally considered light-duty units, while five-amp units are for heavy-duty work.

1/4" Electric Drills
A good quality 1/4" electric drill has sufficient power to drill holes in concrete, metal, plastic and other materials. Accessories and attachments make it an excellent tool for shop and home.

Quality features include geared key chuck, aluminum or heavy-duty plastic housing and heavy-duty reinforced cord. Helical gears are not needed on 1/4" drills since they are not high-torque tools like 1/2" drills or circular saws.

Heavy-duty 1/4" drills handle tougher jobs. Bearings are heavier. They are higher priced than regular 1/4" drills.

3/8" Electric Drills
In addition to extra chuck capacity, 3/8" electric drills are normally built with double-reduction gear systems to provide more torque and to operate at lower speeds, generally about one-half the rpm of a 1/4" drill. The slower speed eases starting holes in slick surfaces and reduces drill bit burn-out when drilling with larger-diameter bits in steel. Usually priced between regular and heavy-duty 1/4" drills.

Three-eighths-inch drills usually handle more attachments than 1/4" and can perform most of the jobs a 1/4" does-sanding and buffing are about the only jobs needing a 1/4" drill's higher speed.

Heavy-duty 3/8" drills with reversing action and screwdriver attachments are also available.

Keyless chucks are becoming more common on 3/8" and 1/2" drills.

1/2" Electric Drills
Generally used by tradesmen, the high torque and slow speeds of 1/2" electric drills make large holes in wood or metal. These drills-because of their slow speed-provide good power units for hole saws.

In drilling large holes in wood beams, self-feeding bits are frequently used to reduce force required by the operator. Reversing action permits jammed drill bits to be backed out easily from wood or masonry.

Variable Speed Drills
Variable speeds offer many advantages in drill design, the most important of which is the ease with which a hole can be started in masonry, ceramics and in steels particularly where curved or compound surfaces (such as drilling a piece of pipe) are encountered. However, an electronic speed reduction does not increase drilling torque or power.

Variable-speed drills offer speed or torque control from zero to maximum revolutions per minute. Usually, variance is achieved by varying pressure on the trigger switch. There are some tools, however, where speed is set by dial control.

Most 1/4" drills operate between 1,600 and 2,800 rpm; speeds for 3/8" units range from 650 to 1,350 rpm, and those of the 1/2" model are around 500 rpm. Depending on such factors as load, drill size and material, speed drops from 30 percent to 50 percent in use.

Many cordless drills feature reversing action-greatly increasing their versatility. This allows the operator to drive and remove screws, nuts and bolts, drill and tap threads in metal and o other jobs not possible with conventional drills. The chuck is locked in place so it will not spin off when using the reverse action.

Some drills also allow the operator to select desired speed or rpm by turning a small adjusting knob built into the trigger or switch. This makes it possible to maintain a pre-selected speed as required for specific applications, such as slow speed for drilling in stainless steel or glass.

Electric Hammer Drills
Electric hammer drills cut into concrete, stone, block and brick quickly and easily. Hammers with the dual function of slow drilling are doubly useful to the handyman in that they will drill and ream wood, steel, etc.

Hammer-drills have a conventionally geared chuck. The vibrating action speeds the drilling in most concrete or masonry products when equipped with a carbide-tipped drill bit. Most models have a "model" selector allowing the operator to choose rotation only, as in a conventional drill, or "hammer-drill" coupling the vibrating action with the rotary motion. Some models offer a third choice of hammer only, which in some cases can accommodate chisel and scraper attachments.

A hammer-drill should not be confused with the rotary-hammer professional tool which has drilling capacities of 1/4" up to core bits of 6" diameter. These larger hammers have unique bit drive and retention methods rather than the conventional geared chuck.

Depending on the manufacturer, hammer-drills range from very low speeds for controlled, fine drilling and impacting to high-speed drilling and hammering for fast, productive work. Some have variable speed controls. Chuck sizes range from 1/4" to 1/2".

Impact Wrenches
Electric impact wrenches, long used in commercial applications, have applications in the home and on the farm. These tools are normally used only occasionally by do-it-yourselfers.

Electrically powered, the wrenches deliver 2,000 impacts per minute utilizing a socket wrench attached to the drive shaft. Quality is critical since the wrench must have enough power to loosen tight bolts and the motor must be protected against burnout.


DISCLAIMER: Check your state and local codes before starting any project. Follow all safety precautions. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and safety of the information in this document. Neither NRHA, any contributor nor Aubuchon Hardware can be held responsible for damages or injuries resulting from the use of the information in this document.

National Retail Hardware Association

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Answer 2

Most electric drills have several components.
1) Motor
2) Gear Box
3) On/off or variable speed trigger.
4) Drill Chuck.
The motor has a normal mains supply to it via the on/off or variable speed trigger. The variable speed trigger is a simple variable resistor that reduces the power supply to the motor and thus the speed that it turns at.
The motor turn at a very high speed as motors do not have much turning force at low speeds, the speed is reduced to a usable speed via a simple gear box. These gearboxes normally have to speed settings as well as a hammer action option.
The drill chuck is used to hold the drill bit securely in place during the drilling operation.
Hope this helps.

Answer 3

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Answer 4

electric drill

Answer 5

Watch the old movie Marathon Man. The Herr Doctor was a classmate of mine at old Heidelberg! He is an expert with what we used to call the "Prussian Drill"

Answer 6

Wow, give the 10 to Wanger.

I'll add just a thought. As limited as a corded drill might be, it's power is constant, sustained, and it's strength is determined by those factors.

I own multiple types of corded and battery, and the larger the task, the more heavy duty the effort needs to be, the corded out performs, every time.

Steven Wolf

Good effort Wanger

Answer 7

Want you like to get instant access to over 16,000 woodworking plans?
Check it out https://tr.im/6834b
Along with stone, mud and animal parts, wood was one of the first materials worked by early humans. Microwear analysis of the Mousterian stone tools used by the Neanderthals show that many were used to work wood. The development of civilization was closely tied to the development of increasingly greater degrees of skill in working these materials.

Answer 8

Electricity charges an armature, through copper brushes [ electric motor ], turning a chuck.

Answer 9

encyclopedia wangtannica

i just drilled thru my skull