identify five differences between monocots and dicots?

Answer 1

A ) MONOCOTS OR MONOCOTYLEDONS ==

1) Seeds with a single cotyledon.

2) Fibrous root system

3) Leaves with parallel venation ( Exceptions exist )

4) Stem shows scattered vascular bundles, with no pith at the center .

5) Flowers show trimerous symmetry.

Example - All cereals , lilies and bamboos.

B ) DICOTS OR DICOTYLEDONS ===

1 ) Seeds with two cotyledons .

2 ) Tap root system , at least initially.

3 ) Leaves with reticulate venation .

4 ) Stem shows vascular bundles in a ring around a central pith.

5 ) Flowers show tetra or pentamerous symmetry.

Examples are = All Pulses , Sunflower , Periwinkle.

Answer 2

1. Monocots
Embryo with single cotyledon
Pollen with single furrow or pore
Flower parts in multiples of three
Major leaf veins paralle
Stem vacular bundles scattered
Roots are adventitious
Secondary growth absent

2. Dicots
Embryo with two cotyledons
Pollen with three furrows or pores
Flower parts in multiples of four or five
Major leaf veins reticulated
Stem vascular bundles in a ring
Roots develop from radicle
Secondary growth often present

Number of cotyledons -- The number of cotyledons found in the embryo is the actual basis for distinguishing the two classes of angiosperms, and is the source of the names Monocotyledonae ("one cotyledon") and Dicotyledonae ("two cotyledons"). The cotyledons are the "seed leaves" produced by the embryo. They serve to absorb nutrients packaged in the seed, until the seedling is able to produce its first true leaves and begin photosynthesis.

Pollen structure -- The first angiosperms had pollen with a single furrow or pore through the outer layer (monosulcate). This feature is retained in the monocots, but most dicots are descended from a plant which developed three furrows or pores in its pollen (triporate).

Number of flower parts -- If you count the number of petals, stamens, or other floral parts, you will find that monocot flowers tend to have a number of parts that is divisible by three, usually three or six. Dicot flowers on the other hand, tend to have parts in multiples of four or five (four, five, ten, etc.). This character is not always reliable, however, and is not easy to use in some flowers with reduced or numerous parts.

Leaf veins -- In monocots, there are usually a number of major leaf veins which run parallel the length of the leaf; in dicots, there are usually numerous auxillary veins which reticulate between the major ones. As with the number of floral parts, this character is not always reliable, as there are many monocots with reticulate venation, notably the aroids and Dioscoreales.

Stem vascular arrangement -- Vascular tissue occurs in long strands called vascular bundles. These bundles are arranged within the stem of dicots to form a cylinder, appearing as a ring of spots when you cut across the stem. In monocots, these bundles appear scattered through the stem, with more of the bundles located toward the stem periphery than in the center. This arrangement is unique to monocots and some of their closest relatives among the dicots.

Root development -- In most dicots (and in most seed plants) the root develops from the lower end of the embryo, from a region known as the radicle. The radicle gives rise to an apical meristem which continues to produce root tissue for much of the plant's life. By contrast, the radicle aborts in monocots, and new roots arise adventitiously from nodes in the stem. These roots may be called prop roots when they are clustered near the bottom of the stem.

Secondary growth -- Most seed plants increase their diameter through secondary growth, producing wood and bark. Monocots (and some dicots) have lost this ability, and so do not produce wood. Some monocots can produce a substitute however, as in the palms and agaves.

Of course nothing is ever that simple and botanists do not always agree upon the placement of families into one or the other class. Some plants called paleoherbs are still problems for the taxonomy of angiosperms. These plants have a mix of characters which do not occur together in most other flowering plants. For instance, the Nymphaeales, or water lilies, have reticulate venation in their leaves, and what may be a single cotyledon in the embryo. It is not clear whether it is a single lobed cotyledon, or two which have been fused. The water lilies also have a vascular arrangement in their stem similar to that of monocots.

There are also monocots which posses characters more typical of dicots. The Dioscoreales and Smilacaceae have broad reticulate-veined leaves; the Alismataceae have acropetal leaf development; and Potamogeton is one of several monocots to have floral parts in multiples of four.

Answer 3

Monocots have
1. Leaves with parallel veins
2. Flower parts in multiples of 3
3. Leaves with no palisade mesophyll
4. Leaves with stomata on upper and lower epidermis
5. Stems with vascular bundles scattered throughout, though most are near the outside
6. Roots with pith in the center

Dicots have:
1. Leaves with branched vein patterns
2. Flower parts in multiples of four or five
3. Leaves with both spongy and palisade mesophyll
4. Leaves with stomata almost entirely in the lower epidermis (except for water plants whose stomata are on the upper surface of floating leaves)
5. Stems with vascular bundles arranged in a ring; also vascular bundles have meristematic tissue in them to provide secondary growth
6. Roots without pith; xylem is in the center.

Answer 4

Difference of monocot and dicot stem: Their vascular tissues are different: In monocots, the vascular tissues in stems are scattered. In dicots, the vascular tissues in stems are arranged in a ring. monocots are grasses and palm trees. They contain scattered vascular systems throughout the plant. The dicots contain no scattered vascular systems but are in something called sheath bundles closes to the outer part of the plant in a ring formation. Difference of monocot and dicot plant: 1. The first angiosperms had pollen with a single furrow or pore through the outer layer. This feature is retained in the monocots, but most dicots are descended from a plant which developed three furrows or pores in its pollen. 2. After male meiosis, each pollen mother cell splits into a rounded tetrad of four haploid nuclei before cell wall formation