Could one locate the geographical location of the person you're talking to on ham radio based on frequency?

Answer 1

You will need to use 3 "lines of receiving frequency" to determine location of this person.
The frequency change is minute so you need a very accurate instrument called a locator. You really locate a "line" from the source to your locator receiver. Once you locate one line, make a move of 300 feet then locate line #2 and then another move you locate line #3

Draw these lines on a map and where they intersect that is the location of the source.

The military actually has a computer and instrumentation that does this automatically and can convert this to pinpoint locaton using a set of co ordinates of GPS.

Answer 2

Kind of. If you know the time of day, and if you have a directional antenna, you can get an idea of where your signal is landing after each "hop" from earth to ionosphere and back. Each band has different propagation characteristics. That being said, it would be a VERY crude way fo knowing the location, especially with multipathing, etc.

Answer 3

The callsign used by the hams are issued by host governments. These are always announced at periodic intervals by the operators. From the callsign you can determine the country the signal comes from, and often a specific region within that country.

Answer 4

All I know is that you can do this by triangulation.! And even then, the 3 receivers would have to be highly accurate and be monitoring the transmission at the exact same time.