Acidity or alkalinity of the soil is determined by the mineral content. What kind of rock made the soil.
Rainfall affects soil pH. Water passing through the soil leaches basic nutrients such as calcium and magnesium from the soil. They are replaced by acidic elements such as aluminum and iron. For this reason, soils formed under high rainfall conditions are more acidic than those formed under arid (dry) conditions.
Water molecules (H2O) dissociate to positive H+ and negative OH ¯ ions and these are in equal amounts at pH 7, the presence of other ions effect this balance creating more or less free hydrogen ions and consequently the pH value rises or falls. Distilled water has only H+ and OH ¯ ions in equal amounts so has a pH of 7.
The presence of calcium ions (Ca++) is usually what determines the pH of soil, as they displace hydrogen ions in solution. A soil particle with a full amount of H+ ions is weakly acid, but the presence of calcium ions makes it neutral or alkaline. Calcium is leached away so soils have a tendency to become acid and this occurs faster in sandy soils. The humus coating on soil particles and the adherent properties of clay particles both hang on to calcium and reduce the leaching.
In the short term acidification increases the concentration of potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) in soil solution.
Look at a table of element availability depending on soil pH. You will see that Nitrogen, Phosphorus, & Potassium (N-P-K) are most readily available at a pH range of 6.5 - 7.5.
A pH level of around 6.3-6.8 is also the optimum range preferred by most soil bacteria, although fungi, molds, and anaerobic bacteria have a broader tolerance and tend to multiply at lower pH values.
2007-04-04 12:13:10
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answer #1
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answered by gardengallivant 7
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any soil which is high in negatively charged ions (such as chlorine or sulfer) and also low in positively charged ions (such as potassium and sodium) will have a very low pH.
2007-04-04 14:32:58
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answer #4
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answered by The Big Lebowski 3
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