What's it called when you grade someone on their understanding of the topic, not how well they did?

Question

If you did badly on a math test because you forgot to include units but you did the right process, and the teacher gives you an A- because you understand the material and you meet expectations, what's that called? It's a type on grading where you don't just add up the numbers and let math do its work.

Answer 1

comprehension

Answer 2

Comprehension is the word used to describe how well the student has understood the process. Minor slips like forgetting some units etc. done under exam stress can be overlooked in a few cases.

Answer 3

a rubric