how to overcome the arising or foldover distortion in the pulse amplitude modulation?

Question

wat is the solution to avoid the overfold or arising distortion in pulse amplitude modulation when : "Fs<2Fm"?

Answer 1

Classic answers for any overload distortion would be compression and clipping. Either limit the incoming signal amplitude or clamp it to a maximum level that you can tolerate.

Overfold? When I google overfold and PAM all I get is wordlists. Sure you didn't mean overload.

(bladecrimson: CSMA does use PAM, but other than that what the heck has a cut and pasted description of CSMA got to do with answering the question?)

Answer 2

Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) is a probabilistic Media Access Control (MAC) protocol in which a node verifies the absence of other traffic before transmitting on a shared physical medium, such as an electrical bus, or a band of electromagnetic spectrum.

"Carrier Sense" describes the fact that a transmitter listens for a carrier wave before trying to send. That is, it tries to detect the presence of an encoded signal from another station before attempting to transmit. If a carrier is sensed, the node waits for the transmission in progress to finish before initiating its own transmission.
Concurrent transmission by multiple nodes results in frame collisions. The multiple transmissions interfere with each other so that all are garbled and receivers are unable to distinguish the overlapping received signals from each other. It is impossible to entirely prevent collisions in CSMA networks.