is there any electronic component having 100 percent efficiency?

Answer 1

No.

Any conversion of electrical energy into another form is generally considered an inefficiency. Electrical energy is lost (converted to thermal energy) by current flow through a resistance. All conductors have some resistance. I addition, all insulators have some conductance. An open circuit always leaks a small amount of current, and a short circuit always has a small voltage drop, thereby always losing electrical energy to heat.

However, even if you define efficiency differently, such as the efficiency of a heater, then you still loose a finite amount of electrical energy as heat in unwanted places, for example in the wires that lead to the heater.

Answer 2

The efficiency of an entity (a device, component, or system) in electronics and electrical engineering is defined as useful power output divided by the total electrical power consumed.

Efficiency = Useful Power Output / Total Power Output

It is impossible to derive useful power output equal to the total power output and hence efficiency cannot be 1 or 100%.

Also efficiency should not be confused with effectiveness: a system that wastes most of its input power but produces exactly what it is meant to is effective but not efficient. The term "efficiency" only makes sense in reference to the wanted effect. So a light bulb might have 2% efficiency at emitting light yet still be 98% effective at heating a room. (In practice it is nearly 100% effective at heating a room because the light energy will also be converted to heat eventually, apart from the small fraction that leaves through the windows).

Answer 3

There is no electronic component having 100 percent efficiency.

Answer 4

Well the open circuit component of electronics is 100% efficient.

Answer 5

Resistors are 100% efficient at generating heat from DC current (within the rating of said resistor)

Power = 100% of I^2 * R

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Answer 6

Nope. Sounds the same as a perpetual motion machine; nice in priciple, but it falls down in practice. To be 100% efficient, it would have to convert ALL input energy. That would mean no heat loss, etc.

Answer 7

Resistors come pretty close to doing their job of losing electrical energy to heat/light/other 100% efficiently without creating any unwanted fields or effects.

Answer 8

superconductors at close to 0 degrees Kelvin are somthing like 99.999% efficient.